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| What years did Queen Elizabeth I rule england? |
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were the English privateers (pirates) who operated with the approval of Queen Elizabeth. |
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| was a leading ‘Sea Dog’. He circumnavigated the globe in 1580, was a leader in stopping the Spanish Armada, and considered a pirate by Spain. |
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an unsuccessful english colony, planted by Walter Raleigh on the coast of North Carolina,
-The first group failed in 1585
- A second was settled there in 1587
- It was found deserted when supply ships finally returned in 1589. |
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| What year did Queen Elizabeth Die and Who did she pass the throne too? |
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would support the first successful English efforts to colonize America beginning with Jamestown in 1607. |
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- An economic system in which nations tried to accumulate as much wealth
(gold and silver) as possible, as an indication of their national power
- Nations established colonies to increase their wealth and used them in
two ways:
1) to provide raw materials for the manufacturers of the home country
2) to provide markets for manufactured goods from the home country |
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Investors pooled money to share the risk and possibly share the rewards of expensive, risky projects, such as establishing colonies |
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A joint-stock company was given a charter by their King to establish a colony within a specific region |
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-established in 1607 and was first successful, permanent English
colony in North America
- it was a charter colony, formed by the Virginia Company of London,
a joint-stock company
- It located in a swampy, coastal area along the James River |
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- many of the colonists were ‘gentlemen’ who expected to easily find
gold and return home
- these men were unprepared for the hard work of colonization
- despite sufficient fish & game animals, and fertile soil most of them
starved to death
- ongoing conflict with the nearby Powhatan Indians
- illness from swampy conditions – mosquitoes, parasites/disease,
and salt poisoning |
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Problems for Jamestown
Colonists |
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- Adventurer & mercenary whose leadership helped Jamestown survive
its early days
- He cooperated with the Powhatan & Pocahontas reduced conflict and
acquire food
- He demanded that colonists work to produce food to avoid starvation |
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Large group of American Indians in the Chesapeake region who were led by Chief Powhaton |
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-Powhatan princess who worked with John Smith to help
Jamestown survive |
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| How did pocahontas die and who did she marry and why? |
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- Married tobacco-producer John Rolfe and brought temporary
peace
- Died of disease in England raising support for the Virginia
Company |
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what problems in 1609-10 led to the colonists running out of food? |
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lack of planning and farming, lack of supply from England, the
Powhatan tried to starve the English out
- Colonists ate dogs, rats, shoe leather, and in a few cases human meat |
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| what happended to the few remaining colonists |
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-They were intercepted downriver by the new Governor, Baron De La Warr and returned to the colony site |
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-“Lord Delaware” used harsh “Irish tactics” against the Powhatan, destroying their crops and villages, as they had the colonists, allowing the colony to survive |
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A commodity that is grown specifically to sell at market, not to feed the farmer’s family |
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saved Jamestown by developing a desirable strain of tobacco in 1614
(by mixing American and West Indies plants)
- cash crop that made Jamestown/Virginia profitable
- cultivated through the Chesapeake Region, including Maryland
- Rolfe married Pocahontas and brought temporary peace between the Powhaton and Jamestown |
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The Chesapeake colonies suffered from a labor shortage
- Land owners contracted with poorer Englishmen to come and work in America.
- Servants would contract to work, commonly for seven years, in exchange for transportation to America |
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for each worker a landowner brought to Virginia they would receive 50 acres of land
- made some landowners rich after they brought in more workers |
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First Africans in Virginia |
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In 1619 African servants were bought from a Dutch ship and became the first Africans in English North America
- Those who survived became free men |
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Virginia House of Burgesses |
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The first legislative body in English America was formed in 1619
- Representatives were landowners |
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| when did james the first make virginia a royal colony? |
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College of William & Mary |
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founded in 1693 to educate the young, aristocratic men of the southern colonies |
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