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J1100 Test 1
Principles of Journalism - Martinez
61
Journalism
Undergraduate 1
02/25/2009

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Cards

Term
the awareness instinct
Definition
the need for human beings to know info that is beyond their realm of knowledge
Term
Criteria of Newsworthiness
Definition
Impact, Proximity, Conflict, Famous People/Prominence, Timeliness, Novelty
Term
Conflict
Definition
a criteria of newsworthiness; conflict makes news
Term
Novelty
Definition
a criteria of newsworthiness; events that are unusual or dramatic
Term
Prominence
Definition
a criteria of newsworthiness; famous people make news
Term
Timeliness
Definition
a criteria of newsworthiness; news is current, not old
Term
proximity
Definition
a criteria of newsworthiness; news caters to people living in a certain city, state, or region
Term
impact
Definition
a criteria of newsworthiness; the event has meaning to the intended audience
Term
accuracy
Definition
not just fact, but the truth about the fact
Term
correspondence
Definition
getting the facts straight
Term
coherence
Definition
making sense of the facts
Term
fairness
Definition
you include both sides of a story/argument
Term
balance
Definition
the amount of both sides you include
Term
objectivity
Definition
the journalist doesn't put his or her own opinion into the article
Term
idealistic definition of journalism
Definition
A current, reasoned reflection, transmitted via any communicative medium, to members of a society, of society’s events, values and needs
Term
practical definition of journalism
Definition
Journalism is a commercial enterprise supported by advertising and subscription that delivers current information to a specialized or mass audience
Term
purpose of journalism
Definition
to provide citizens with the information they need to be free and self governing
Term
sovereignty
Definition
journalism helps to create sovereignty
Term
markers of democracy
Definition
Regular elections, Universal franchise, Stable constitution, Independent judiciary, Freedom to form associations, gather in public places, etc., Freedom of speech
Term
theory of the interlocking public
Definition
the public consists of members who are involved, interested, or uniterested
Term
involved public
Definition
personal stake
Term
interested public
Definition
affected, but no direct role
Term
uninterested public
Definition
not listening, yet
Term
Lippmann's view of journalism and democracy
Definition
Democracy is a means to make an efficient society
Term
Dewey's view of journalism and democracy
Definition
Democracy is the end that develops from free communication
Term
truth
Definition
first obligation of a journalist
Term
discipline of verification
Definition
the essence of journalism
Term
journalism of assertion
Definition
the opposite of journalism of verification
Term
transparency
Definition
journalists must be honest with their audience about what they do and don't know
Term
humility
Definition
don't write a story to glorify yourself, write it for journalistic purposes only
Term
originality
Definition
do your own work
Term
structural bias as theory
Definition
some biases are inherent and you just have to go along with them
Term
types of structural biases
Definition
Temporal, Visual, Commercial, Bad News, Narrative, Status Quo, Fairness, Expediency, Glory
Term
commercial bias
Definition
newspapers will publish whatever makes them the most money
Term
bad news bias
Definition
bad news sells better than good news, so bad news is published more often, making the world look worse than it is
Term
temporal bias
Definition
news is biased towards the immediate
Term
status quo bias
Definition
journalists do what has always been done and don't question the status quo rather than doing something revolutionary
Term
visual bias
Definition
news with a visual angle sells better; fewer words, more pictures
Term
narrative bias
Definition
media covers news in terms of "stories," giving news a plot, a beginning, middle, and end, and drama, even if there isn't any
Term
fairness bias
Definition
journalists add the other side to the story even when it's irrelevant and gives a skewed view to reality
Term
expediency bias
Definition
media outlets want to get the story out first, before competitors, and sacrifice the best, most accurate information in the process
Term
faction
Definition
Causes, groups, sources, race, gender, religion, advertisers, stock owners, etc
Term
the effects of faction
Definition
not bad, but present difficulty to journalists in the form of split loyalties
Term
engaged independence
Definition
Obligation to the truth, loyalty to the citizens and discipline of verification all require independence (not neutrality)
Term
watchdog principle
Definition
the news media as an independent monitor of power
Term
types of investigative reporting
Definition
original, interpretive, and coverage of investigators
Term
original investigative reporting
Definition
the reporter himself uncovers activities that are unknown to the public
Term
interpretive investigative reporting
Definition
the journalist takes info and interprets it so as to make sense to the public
Term
coverage of investigators
Definition
take info from a 3rd party...can be difficult because you have to trust the 3rd party
Term
social progressive bias
Definition
afflict the comfortable and comfort the afflicted
Term
muckrackers
Definition
At the dawn of the 20th century a new breed of journalists who gave a new voice to reform at local, state, and national levels
Term
journalism's first loyalty is to...
Definition
the citizens
Term
journalism's first obligation is to...
Definition
the truth
Term
journalism's essence is...
Definition
a discipline of verification
Term
journalism's practitioners must maintain and independence from...
Definition
those they cover
Term
journalism must serve as and independent monitor of...
Definition
power
Term
journalism must provide a ...
Definition
forum for public criticism and compromise
Term
journalism must strive to make the significant...
Definition
interesting and relevant
Term
journalism must keep news...
Definition
comprehensive and in proportion
Term
journalism's practitioners have an obligation to exercise their...
Definition
personal conscience
Term
...have rights and responsibilities when it comes to the news
Definition
citizens
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