Term
LIST THE HAZARDS FOR SUCTIONING AND HOW TO PREVENT THOSE HAZARDS |
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Definition
1. HYPOXEMIA - HYPEROXYGENATING BEFORE, DURING AND AFTER THE PROCEDURE.
2. DYSRHYTHMIAS - HYPEROXYGENATING BEFORE, DURING AND AFTER.
3. MUCOSAL TEARS - MINIMIZING SUCTION PRESSURES AND USING INTERMITTENT SUCTIONING. 4. INFECTION - USING STERILE TECHNIQUE
5. ATELECTASIS - MINIMIZING SUCTION PRESSURE, SUCTION CATHETER SIZE AND USING INTERMITTENT SUCTIONING. |
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Term
| LIST THE INDICATIONS FOR SUCTIONING A PATIENT |
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Definition
| RETAINED SECRETIONS IN A PATIENT WITH AN INEFFECTIVE COUGH |
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Term
| LIST THE 3 PATIENT POPULATIONS WHICH WE TREAT, AND THEIR APPROPRIATE SUCTION PRESSURES. |
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Definition
INFANT - 60 - 80 mmHg
CHILD - 80 - 100 mmHg
ADULT - 100 - 120 mmHg |
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Term
HOW DO YOU ASSESS THE PATIENT DURING SUCTIONING, AND HOW DO YOU DETERMINE IF THEY NEED MORE SUCTIONING? |
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Definition
1.ASSESS HR, RR, BP
2.ASSESS SpO2
3.DETERMINE MORE SUCTIONING BY: BREATH SOUNDS AND THE AMOUNT OBTAINED ON THE LAST PASS. |
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Term
EXPLAIN WHEN YOU WOULD USE THE FOLLOWING CATHETERS.
1.YANKEUR
2.WHISTLE TIP
3.COUDE |
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Definition
1.FOR ORAL SUCTIONING, ALSO CALLED TONSIL SUCTION
2.TO DECREASE MUCOSAL DAMAGE
3.TO SUCTION THE LEFT MAINSTEM BRONCHUS |
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Term
| LIST THE INDICATIONS FOR OROPHARYNGEAL AIRWAYS |
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Definition
1.RESTORE AIRWAY PATENCY IN COMATOSE PATIENTS
2.MAINTAIN AIRWAY IN PATIENTS DURING BMV |
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Term
| LIST THE HAZARDS FOR THE OROPHARYNGEAL AIRWAYS |
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Definition
1.WORSENING OF THE AIRWAY ABSTRUCTION DUE TO THE TONGUE BEING PUSHED BACK
2.GAG REFLEX CAUSING VOMITING AND ASPIRATION |
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Term
LIST THE INDICATIONS FOR NASOPHARYNGEAL AIRWAYS
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Definition
1.FREQUENTS NASAL TRACHEAL SUCTIONING
2.RESTORE AIRWAY PATENCY BY DISPLACING THE TONGUE FROM THE POSTERIOR WALL |
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Term
| LIST THE INDICATIONS FOR AN ENDOTRACHEAL TUBE |
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Definition
1.RELIEVE UPPER AIRWAY OBSTRUCTION
2.FACILITATE REMOVAL OF SECREATIONS
3.PROTECT THE LOWER AIRWAY FROM ASPIRATION
4.TO ALLOW FOR POSITIVE PRESSURE VENTILATION (PPV) |
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Term
| WHERE DO YOU SECURE THE ENDOTRACHEAL TUBE? |
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Definition
1.NASAL; MALES =23-25CM
FEMALES =21-23CM
2.ORAL; MALES =21-23 AT THE TEETH
FEMALES = 19-21 AT THE TEETH |
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Term
| LIST THE INDICATIONS FOR USING MANUAL RESUSCITATORS |
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Definition
1.APNEA - RESPIRATORY ARREST
2.INADEQUATE VENTILATION - DRUG O.D., HEAD INJURY
3.CARDIAC ARREST - MI |
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Term
| HOW DO YOU ASSESS IF YOU ARE VENTILATING APPROPRIATELY OR NOT? |
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Definition
1.LISTEN FOR BREATH SOUNDS MIDAXILLARY AND OVER THE ABDOMEN
2.OBSERVE FOR CHEST RISE AND FALL, AND WATCH COLOR |
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Term
| IF RESISTANCE IS MET DURING MANUAL RESUSCITATION WHAT DO YOU DO? |
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Definition
1.REPOSITION HEAD
2.AUSCULTATE (COULD BE BRONCHOSPASM, PNEUMOTHORAX, SECRETIONS) |
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Term
IF A BREATH IS GIVEN WITH A RESUSCITATOR AND EXHALATION DOES NOT TAKE PLACE WHAT CAN YOU DO? |
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Definition
1.REMOVE THE AMBU, ALLOW EXHALATION TO OCCUR THEN RE-ADJUST YOUR FLOW SETTING, DOWN. |
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Term
| WHAT IS THE OPTIMUM WAY TO DETERMINE CUFF PRESSURE AND WHY? |
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Definition
1.MLT (MINIMAL LEAK TECHNIQUE)
2.BECAUSE IF YOU CAN HEAR A LITTLE LEAK AT PEAK INSPIRATION THEN YOU KNOW THAT SOME BLOOD FLOW IS GOING TO GET AROUND THE CUFF AND THE SURROUNING TISSUE WILL LIVE. |
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Term
| LIST THE INDICATIONS FOR IPPB (INTERMITTENT POSITIVE PRESSURE BREATHING) |
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Definition
1.TO IMPROVE LUNG EXPANSION (WHEN COUGH AND DEEP BREATHING IS FAILED)
2.TO DELIVER MEDS (WHEN PATIENT CAN'T DO DEEP BREATHING FOR PARTICLE DEPOSITION)
3.SHORT TERM VENTILATION SUPPORT |
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Term
LIST AND EXPLAIN THE HAZARDS WITH IPPB (INTERMITTENT POSITIVE PRESSURE BREATHING)
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Definition
1.BAROTRAUMA - THE EXCESS INSPIRATORY PRESSURES STRETCH THE ALVEOLI UNTIL THEY POP
2.DECREASE VENOUS RETURN, DECREASE CARDIAC OUTPUT, AND INCREASED ICP (INTRA CRANIAL PRESSURE) - OCCURS FROM EXCESS PRESSURE SQUEEZING THE SUPERIOR AND VENA CAVA BACKING BLOOD UP TO THE HEAD.
3.GASTRIC DISTENSION - AIR GOES TO THE PATH OF LEAST RESISTANCE (ESOPHAGUS) USUALLY OCCURS WHEN INSPIRATORY PRESSURE IS GREATER THAN 20 cmH2O
4.HYPO/HYPER VENTILATION - OCCURS WHEN PRACTITIONERS DON'T MEASURE THE PATIENTS EXHALED TIDAL VOLUMES. YOU WANT 10 - 15 ml/kg AND NEED TO ADJUST THE PRESSURE TO GET THESE READINGS
5.AIR TRAPPING - OCCURS WHEN PATIENTS AIRWAY RESISTANCE IS WORSENED BY THE MACHINE BREATHS. PATIENTS HAVE DIFFICULTY EXHALING.
6.INFECTION - OCCURS DUE TO NOT MAINTAINING ASEPTIC TECHNIQUE. |
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Term
| HOW WOULD YOU EXPLAIN TO THE PATIENT TO BREATHE FOR THIS TREATMENT (IPPB). BE VERY SPECIFIC FROM INSPIRATION TO EXPIRATION |
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Definition
1.ACTIVE - PATIENT INITIATES THE BREATH AND CONTINUES TO INHALE WITH THE MACHINE. WHEN MACHINE SHUTS OFF, PATIENT HOLDS BREATH THEN EXHALES NORMALLY.
2.PASSIVE - PATIENT INITIATES THE BREATH THEN RELAXES UNTIL THE MACHINE SHUTS OFF. WHEN THE MACHINE SHUTS OFF, PATIENT HOLDS BREATH THEN EXHALES NORMALLY |
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Term
| WHAT ARE THE INITIAL SETTING FOR A BIRD MARK 7? |
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Definition
| 15 - 15 - 15 (OR 15 - 15, MODERATE LEVEL) |
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Term
EXPLAIN WHEN YOU WOULD ADJUST SENSITIVITY, PRESSURE AND FLOW FOR IPPB |
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Definition
1. SENSITIVITY IS INITIALLY SET AT 15 AND THEN ADJUSTED TO OBTAIN A -1 OR -2 WHEN PATIENT INHALES.
2. PRESSURE (VT) IS INITIALLY SET AT 15 AND THEN ADJUSTED TO GET EXHALED VOLUMES OF 10 - 15 ml kg.
WOMEN=(HT INCHES - 60)5 + 105/2.2 X 10, THEN X 15 MEN=(HT INCHES - 60)6 + 106/2.2 X 10, THEN X 15 3. FLOW IS SET AT 15 AND THEN ADJUSTED TO SEE A RISE RISE IN THE NEEDLE OR BY LISTENING TO THE LENGTH OF THE BREATH. IF THE BREATH IS TO LONG, THEN YOU NEED TO INCREASE THE FLOW SO IT GETS THERE FASTER
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Term
| LIST THE THREE WAYS TO ASSESS PATIENTS RESPONSE TO IPPB |
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Definition
1.IMPROVEMENT IN BREATH SOUNDS
2.IMPROVEMENT IN COUGH
3.IMPROVEMENT IN CXR |
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Term
| LIST THE INDICATIONS FOR INCENTIVE SPIROMETRY |
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Definition
1.TX ATELECTASIS
2.CONDITIONS THAT WOULD CAUSE ATELECTASIS (POST OP THORACIC AND UPPER ABDOMINAL SURGERY)
3.RESTRICTIVE LUNG DISEASE |
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Term
LIST THE HAZARDS ASSOCIATED WITH I.S. AND EXPLAIN HOW THE HAZARDS ARE CAUSED
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Definition
1.BAROTRAUMA - LOW RISK BUT CAN OCCUR FROM STRETCHING THE ALVEOLI TO MUCH
2.HYPOXEMIA - CAN OCCUR FROM REMOVING O2 MASK DURING TREATMENT
3.HYPERVENTILATION - CAN OCCUR FROM DEEP BREATHING AND TO FAST
4.BRONCHOSPASM - FROM INCREASED TURBULENCE AND FASTER BREATHING |
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Term
| LIST THE 3 CONTRAINDICATIONS FOR I.S. |
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Definition
1.UNABLE TO COOPERATE (COMATOSE)
2.VC (VENOUS CAPACITANCE) < 10ml/kg
3.IC (INSPIRATORY CAPACITANCE) < 1/3 |
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Term
| LIST AND EXPLAIN THE FOUR WAYS TO ASSESS PATIENT OUTCOME WITH I.S. |
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Definition
1.BREATH SOUNDS - SHOULD IMPROVE FROM DECREASED OF CRACKLES OR CRACKLES TO CLEAR
2.SpO2 - SHOULD IMPROVE DO TO BETTER DIFFUSION
3.CXR - SHOULD SEE MORE BLACK ON THE X-RAY
4.TEMPERATURE - SHOULD RETURN TO NORMAL IF ATELECTASIS AND PNEUMONIA ARE RESOLVING |
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Term
| HOW WOULD YOU EXPLAIN THE BREATHING PATTERN ASSOCIATED WITH I.S. |
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Definition
| EXHALE NORMALLY, THEN TAKE A SLOW DEEP BREATH IN WITH AN INSPIRATORY HOLD OF 5-10 SECONDS |
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Term
EXPLAIN CIDEX 1. CLASSIFIED 2. pH 3. SOAK TIMES & WHAT IS KILLED |
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Definition
1.ALKALINE GLUTERALDEHYDE
2.pH 7.5 - 8.5
3. 10 MIN. BACTERICIDAL, TUBRECULCIDAL, FUNGICIDAL, AND VIRUSCIDAL
10 HR SPORICIDAL (STERILIZER) |
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Term
EXPLAIN SONACIDE 1. CLASSIFIED 2.pH 3. SOAK TIMES & WHAT IS KILLED |
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Definition
1.ACIDIC GLUTERALDEHYDE
2.pH 2.7-3.7
3. 20MIN. BACTERICIDAL, TUBERCULCIDAL, FUNGICIDAL, AND VIRUSCIDAL (HIGH LEVEL DISINFECTANT)
60 c FOR 60 MIN. SPORICIDAL (STERILIZER) |
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Term
EXPLAIN STEAM AUTOCLAVE 1. CLASSIFIED 2. SOAK TIMES 3. DESTROYS WHAT FORM OF BACTERIA |
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Definition
1.PHYSICAL STERILIZER, MOIST HEAT
2.INCLUDING VARIABLE
15 MIN AT 15 PSI AT 121 c
10 MIN AT 20 PSI AT 126 c 3. SPORES |
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Term
EXPLAIN ETHYLENE OXIDE 1. CLASSIFIED AS 2. SOLUTION 3. DESTROYS WHAT FORMS OF BACTERIA |
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Definition
1.CLASSIFIED AS CHEMICAL STERILIZER
2.SOLUTION; MIXED TO 450mg/L
A.DILUTED WITH FREONE OR CO2 TO REDUCE COMBUSTIBILITY
B.TEMP. MUST BE KEPT AT 50-60 c
C.RELATIVE HUMIDITY MUST BE KEPT AT 30-60 F% RH
D.TIME IS 1.5 - 6 HRS
E.MUST AERATE FOR ABOUT 8 HOURS AFTER BEING GASED
3. SPORES |
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Term
| STATE THE PRINCIPLE OF AN USN |
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Definition
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Term
| LIST THE INDICATIONS FOR USN |
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Definition
1.MOBILIZE SECREATIONS
2.SPUTUM INDUCTION |
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Term
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Definition
1.INFECTION
2.BRONCHOSPASM DUE TO PARTICLE SIZE
3.MUCUS PLUGGING |
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Term
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Definition
1.NEED INCREASED MIST = ADJUST AMPLITUDE
2.COUPLANT LIGHT IS FLASHING = ADD WATER TO COUPLANT |
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