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Islamic Terms
Arabic Terms about Islamic Beliefs
94
Religious Studies
Undergraduate 2
01/25/2010

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Term
hijra
Definition
the move from Mecca to Medina
Term
Islam
Definition
submission
Term
Umma
Definition
Muslim Community
Term
Hadith
Definition
Prophetic tradition
Term
Rasul
Definition
messanger-gave a book
Term
Kaba
Definition
cube structure in Mecca
Term
Sira
Definition
Biography of Muhommed
Term
sunna
Definition
chapter of the Qur'an
Term
Isnad
Definition
authorities who transfered the traditions in the hadith
Term
matn
Definition
the text of the hadith
Term
PBUH
Definition
Peace be upon him (after the name of the prophet)
Term
ibn Ishaq
Definition
collected the oral traditions that formed the first biography of Muhammed
Term
Khadija
Definition
Muhammed's first wife, widow, trader
Term
Aisha
Definition
favorite wife, many of the Hadith come from her
Term
Bukhari
Definition
sunni collection of hadiths
Term
basmala
Definition
first verse of most sura...god the great and merciful
Term
al salamu alauykum
Definition
peace be upon you--a Muslim greeting
Term
insha allah
Definition
if allah wills
Term
al hamdu lillalt
Definition
Praise be to God
Term
tawhid
Definition
the oneness of God, monotheism
Term
shirk
Definition
sin of idolatry or associating other things with God
Term
jinn
Definition
supernatural spirits
Term
sunna
Definition
prophetic practice
Term
caliph
Definition
head of the caliphate
Term
shiite
Definition
Muhammad's family should rule
Term
Sunni
Definition
largest sect, 4 caliphs
Term
Umayyads
Definition
2nd caliphate
Term
Abbasids
Definition
3rd caliphate
Term
Sasanid
Definition
Persian empire
Term
dhimmi
Definition
non muslim subject states
Term
Battle of Karbala
Definition
a battle
Term
Abu Bakr
Definition
Muhammed's father in law, successor
Term
Umar
Definition
2nd caliph
Term
Uthman
Definition
3rd caliph
Term
Fatima
Definition
Muhammed's daughter, mother of Ali
Term
Fatima
Definition
Muhammed's daughter, mother of Ali
Term
Ali
Definition
Muhammed's grandson, 4th caliphate
Term
husayn
Definition
matyr killed in the battle of Kabala
Term
Muawiyah I
Definition
first caliph in the Ummayad
Term
Five Pillars
Definition
salat, zakat, hajj, shahada, fasting during Ramadan
Term
shahada
Definition
declaration of belief
Term
salat
Definition
ritual prayer 5 times a day
Term
zakat
Definition
tithing
Term
hajj
Definition
pilgramage to Mecca
Term
jihad
Definition
anxiously engaged in a good cause
Term
masjid
Definition
mosque
Term
muezzin
Definition
caller
Term
minaret
Definition
tower from which the call to prayer is issued
Term
qibla
Definition
pointer to Mecca
Term
adhan
Definition
called out by the muezzin 5 times a day
Term
ulama
Definition
Regligious law scholars
Term
Ismailis
Definition
7ers Ismail-the 7th imam died and continues to rule--India, Lebonon, Syria
Term
Ibn Rushd
Definition
Averroes-The Incoherance of Incoherance--defended Aristotle from Al Ghazali
Term
Ibn Sina
Definition
wrote a medicine book
Term
Al Ghazali
Definition
2nd most important muslim---The Incoherance of the Philosophers
Term
Imamis
Definition
12ers---12th imam in hiding since 874-Iran
Term
Ashura
Definition
Shia holiday-Husayn killed by the evil sunnis at Karbala
Term
Taziya
Definition
passion play on Ashura in iran or arabia or model of Hussains tomb in south asia-empty horse
Term
Hassan
Definition
on of the imams
Term
Husayn
Definition
Killed at Karbala 3th imam
Term
taqwa
Definition
God consciousness/ awareness
Term
Sufism
Definition
mysticism
Term
ta'wil
Definition
symbolic interpetation
Term
tariqa
Definition
"the way", a sufi community
Term
dhikr
Definition
remembrance activity
Term
Wahhabis
Definition
relgious rulers of arabia
Term
Norooz
Definition
Iranian new year
Term
Taliban
Definition
sunni government leaders in Iraq
Term
al-Junayd
Definition
God father of all Sufis-anialation of self to acheive union with God
Term
Rumi
Definition
poetry, whirling dervish
Term
haram
Definition
forbidden
Term
halal
Definition
permissable
Term
hijab
Definition
face covering
Term
Fundamentalism
Definition
response to a fear of changes in the world--"My religion comes from God, it cannot accomadate, adapt, or be critized, it should be the religion of the state
Term
Islamist
Definition
fundamentalism without the disrespectful conotation
Term
al Banna
Definition
Muslim Brotherhood in Egypt, reject western influences, overthrow secular governments and replace with sharia.
Term
Sayyid Qutb
Definition
Egyptian-hated the west after studying in CO
Term
Nasser
Definition
Killed Qutb, arabist but also a secularist, egyptian
Term
Sadat
Definition
was not afraid of being Islamic and governing-egyptian
Term
Mubarak
Definition
moderate eygptian
Term
ibn Saud
Definition
King who made arrangements with the Wahhabis to become king of "Saudi" Arabia
Term
Mullah Omar
Definition
Leader of the Taliban
Term
Shah
Definition
King-US put him back in but there was a revolution in 1979 Iranian
Term
Ayatollah Khomeini
Definition
theocratic leader of Iran--not president but leader still
Term
Ahmadinejad
Definition
President of Iran who is embarassing but a strong Islamist
Term
Assad
Definition
Syrian air force officer who took over the government hated the muslim brotherhood
Term
Ataturk
Definition
Turkish genernal who created Turkey out of the ruins of the Ottoman Empire--removed Shari, abolished caliphate, changed the turkish language, abolished suffies, hijab illegal
Term
OZal
Definition
Economist, clandestine Muslim in Turkey
Term
Erdogan
Definition
Islamist, revlutionary islamic party- and still progressive
Term
Wallace D Fard
Definition
founded the Lost Found Nation of Islam in the Wilderness of North America
Term
Elijah Muhammad
Definition
Took over the Nation of Islam and ruled for a long long time.
Term
Louis Farrakhan
Definition
reconstuced the Nation of Islam after Wallace D Muhammad disbanded it
Term
Keith Ellison
Definition
1st Muslim representative in Congress-swore on TJs Koran
Term
Imam-shia meaning
Definition
leaders of the shia followers instead of caliphs
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