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Islam- Day 8
Lyon- Sharia Law
37
Religious Studies
Undergraduate 1
04/02/2013

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Cards

Term
What does Sharia mean?
Definition
Path or way
Term
What are Sharias?
Definition
A system of religious laws in Islam dealing with a variety of topics
Term
What are 8 examples of Sharia?
Definition
Economics, fasting and prayer, sex and marriage, inheritance, diet, crime and punishment, customs, and hygiene
Term
Some elements of Sharia are explicit in the Qur'an, what are others decided by?
Definition
Islam jurists
Term
What are the 4 sources of Sharia?
Definition
Qur'an, Sunnah, Ijma, and Qiyas
Term
What is the Ijma?
Definition
Laws derived by a consensus (agreement)
Term
What is Qiyas?
Definition
Laws derived by analogy
Term
What does the Ijma say about Sharia?
Definition
That the Muslim Community will never all agree on an error.
Term
Who is his community?
Definition
We don't have a dang clue.
Term
Over time, what two schools arose that forced different varieties of thought making the Ijma harder to come true?
Definition
4 Schools of Sunni and 4 schools of Shi'ite
Term
What is the importance of the Qiyas? (Like why do Muslims have it?)
Definition
Because the Qur'an does not contain answers to all problems
Term
What is the solution to the problem that the Qur'an does not contain answers to all problems?
Definition
Comparing modern problems to ancient practices and find similarities (look for the cause of what was revealed in the earlier laws and apply the same reasoning to newer situations)
Term
What is an example of looking for the cause of what was revealed in the earlier laws and applying the same reasoning to newer situations?
Definition
Drinking wine is prohibited in the Qur'an, so the Qiyas says that any intoxicating thing is prohibited
Term
List the 5 categories of Sharia.
Definition
Fard, Mandub, Mubah, Makruh, and Haram
Term
What is Fard? Give an example.
Definition
things that are compulsory (mandatory) Doing your prayers
Term
What is Mandub? Give and example.
Definition
things that are recommended, but not compulsory. Extra prayers
Term
What is Mubah?
Definition
things that have to be decided by a consensus because there is no clear guidance
Term
What is Makruh? Give an example.
Definition
Things that are not forbidden, but discouraged. Divorce
Term
What is Haram? Give an example.
Definition
Things that are forbidden. Adultery
Term
What is Halal? What is Haram?
Definition
Allowed foods. Forbidden foods
Term
What are 6 foods in Haram?
Definition
Pork, Already dead animals, Blood, Anything sacrificed to Idols, A few other types of animals, and intoxicants
Term
What are two things that are Halal?
Definition
Anything not Haram, and animals must be slaughtered according to Muslim standards
Term
What is one major example of the Economics in the Sharia?
Definition
Collecting interest on loaned money is forbidden
Term
Collecting interest on loaned money is considered despicable... Why?
Definition
Because you are capitalizing on another persons misfortune.
Term
How do banks make money in Islam if there is no interest on loaned money?
Definition
They share the profits or loss with the person they loaned money to
Term
What are three banking principles other than the fact that they share the profits or loss?
Definition
Haram goods and services cannot be produced or consumed (like a bar), Gambling of things involving chance are forbidden, and the zakat must be paid
Term
What are the three categories of punishments in Sharia?
Definition
1. Retaliation or money compensation (eye for an eye), 2. Discretionary penalties (up to the judge), and 3. Specific penalties for certain crimes.
Term
What is retaliation or money compensation seen as?
Definition
A principle of justice
Term
Why do Muslims have discretionary penalties (up to the judge)?
Definition
Because they are listed in the Qur'an
Term
Where are specific penalties for certain crimes listed?
Definition
Qur'an
Term
The Qur'an gives some crimes certain penalties. Are these the most severe penalties that they can receive, or do they have to receive these?
Definition
Don't know... This is just a debated question
Term
Which crime leads to flogging?
Definition
Consumption of alcohol
Term
What does theft lead to?
Definition
Cutting off of the hand
Term
What are the 4 things that have to happen before you are convicted for theft?
Definition
2 witnesses, private property of a certain value, taken for criminal intent, and not taken because of need or hunger
Term
What are 6 things that lead to a death penalty?
Definition
Kidnapping, terrorism, assassination, armed robbery, arson, and poison
Term
What is something that is now being considered under the death penalty?
Definition
Rape
Term
What is one way that you won't get a death penalty for murder?
Definition
The surviving family overrules the judge and shows mercy and lets you live
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