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Islam- Day 1
Lyon- Introduction to Islam, The Prophet Muhammad
77
Religious Studies
Undergraduate 1
04/02/2013

Additional Religious Studies Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
Who is the last and greatest prophet according to the Islamic religion?
Definition
Muhammad
Term
Approximately when was Muhammad born?
Definition
570 C.E.
Term
Where was Muhammad born?
Definition
Mecca, Saudi Arabia
Term
What was Mecca known for? (3)
Definition

A trading post

Wealthy City

Mostly Polytheistic (worship more than one god)

Term
What is the Mecca the home of?
Definition
The Ka'bah Shrine
Term
What does the Ka'bah Shrine have in it?
Definition
Over 360 different statues of gods that many people came to worship
Term
Who was Muhammad raised by?
Definition
His grandfather and then his Uncle
Term
When did Muhammad's dad and mom die?
Definition

Dad died before he was born

Mom died when he was 6

Term
Who were the two descendents of Abraham?
Definition

Ishmael (by Hagar)

Isaac (by Sarah)

Term
What religion comes for Ishmael?
Definition
Islam
Term
What religions come from Isaac?
Definition

Judaism

and

Christianity

Term
What was Abrahams revelation from God?
Definition
His job was to rid the world of idolatry
Term
Who did Abraham try to convice to turn away from Idolatry (worshiping of objects)?
Definition
His father Azar
Term
What happens when Abraham tries to convince his father Azar to turn away from Idolatry?
Definition
He threatens to stone him
Term
When the people in the town leave, what does Abraham do?
Definition
He destroys all the idols in his community except one (the largest one)
Term
What happens to Abraham when he destroys all the statues?
Definition
Gets thrown into fire, but God cools it so he can survive
Term
In the Islamic belief, who was Abraham told to sacrifice?
Definition
Ishmael
Term
What does God do right before Abraham is about to sacrifice his son?
Definition
God provides a sacrifice
Term
What did God tell Abraham and Ishmael?
Definition
He told them to rebuild the Ka'bah Shrine
Term
What is the Ka'bah?
Definition
A cube shaped shrine (very sacred place/ the most sacred sit in Islam)
Term
Who built the Ka'bah?
Definition
Adam
Term
What is the black stone?
Definition
A stone that discended from Heaven that was white as snow, but it turned black as a result of everone's sin
Term
What did Muhammad's grandfather religion?
Definition
monotheist- believed there was only one God
Term
What was Muhammad's uncles name?
Definition
Abu Talib
Term
What jobs did Abu talib give Muhammad?
Definition
He was a shepherd and then a merchant
Term
Who was he employed by?
Definition
A wealthy tradesperson: Khadijah
Term
What was so special about Khadijah?
Definition
She proposed to Muhammad and they were then married
Term
How old was Khadijah and Muhammad when they got married?
Definition

Khadijah-mid 40's

Muhammad- About 20

Term
What kind of marriage did they have?
Definition
A monogamous
Term
What is a monogamous marriage?
Definition
Traditional 1 husband and 1 wife
Term
How many children did khadijah and Muhammad have?
Definition

4 daughters

2 sons that died at a young age

and 2 foster boys

Term
Who married in their family?
Definition
Ali (the foster boy) and Fatima (the daughter)
Term
What did wealth allow Muhammad to do?
Definition
Have time for meditation in a cave
Term
When did Muhammad go to the cave to meditate? How old was Muhammad?
Definition

on Ramadan in 610 C.E.

40ish

Term
What is Ramadan?
Definition
9th month of the Arabic Calendar
Term
Who appears to Muhammad in the cave?
Definition
The Angel Gabriel
Term
What did Gabriel show Muhammad?
Definition
Words, and told Muhammad to recite them
Term
When Gabriel showed Muhammad words, what did Muhammad say?
Definition
That he coud not recite them
Term
What happens after Muhammad tells the Angel that he could not recite the words?
Definition
He could understand what they meant
Term
What did the words that were given to Muhammad become, and what did he have to do with these words?
Definition

Beginning of the Qar'an

Learn and repeat/recite them to others

Term
What does the word Quar'an mean?
Definition
The recitation
Term
Who did Muhammad begin reciting the words to?
Definition
His friends and family
Term
Who converted first to Islam?
Definition

The wife: Khadijah

 

Term
Who were the first two male conversions to Islam?
Definition
Ali (the foster boy) and Abu Baker (friend)
Term
The way of life becomes known as what?
Definition
Islam
Term
What does Islam mean?
Definition
submission to God
Term
What does Muslim mean?
Definition
Those who submit
Term
What does Allah mean?
Definition
the Almighty, and it is the Arabic word for God
Term
How long did Gabriels visitations stop?
Definition
2 years
Term
After the two years of no revelation, what happened?
Definition
It began again, and continued for the rest of his life
Term
How many years total did Muhammad recieve revelation?
Definition
23 total years
Term
What are 5 examples of how the Revelation style from Gabriel varied?
Definition

Appearance of Angel

Voice only

Sound of Bells

Just an eye

Coving the whole horizon (HUGE)

Term
When did the Revelations come?
Definition
At various times and places
Term
What came when Muhammad had the revelations?
Definition
Pysical Symptoms (like sweating heavily etc.)
Term
What were three reactions to Muhammad?
Definition

Some thought he was:

Crazy

Epileptic

Demon possessed

Term
What were many people concerned about with Muhammad?
Definition
That he would bring down the local economy related to the Ka'bah Shrine. (Big tourest attraction that brought lots of money)
Term
What was there some of against his followers?
Definition
Initial violence (like slaves and women)
Term
What was the reaction of the community towards Muhammad's clan?
Definition
They boycotted for 3 years
Term
What happened to Khadijah (his wife) in 619? What did this mean for Muhammad?
Definition

She died.

Left him to take care of the 4 daughters and the 2 foster boys

Term
What happened to the Uncle around 619?
Definition
He also died
Term
At the age of 50ish what did Muhammad do?
Definition
Remarried 2 women
Term
What were the names of the two women Muhammad married?
Definition

Sawdah

Aisha

Term
What was Sawdah's current marriage status before Muhammad?
Definition
She was a widow
Term
Whose daughter was Aisha and approximately how old was she?
Definition

A friend of Abu Baker

About 9

Term
Over the last 10 years of Muhammad's life, how many women did he marry? Why did he marry most of them?
Definition

12

because they were widowed, and this was considered to be a good thing because they were really poor

Term
What is the Night of Ascent?
Definition
A vision
Term
What does the Night of Ascent begin with?
Definition
Muhammad was woken up and carried to Jerusalem by a miraculous beast.
Term
In the the Night of Ascent, where does the beast take Muhammad?
Definition
They stood at the ruins of an old Jewish Temple.
Term
In the Night of Ascent, when they were standing at the ruins of an old Jewish Temple, what happens?
Definition
The heavens open, and they approach the throne of God
Term
In the Night of Ascent, what was Muhammad given at the throne of God?
Definition
Rules about prayer (Pray five times a day)
Term
In the Night of Ascent, what previous prophets does Muhammad speak to?
Definition

Abraham

Jesus

Moses

Term
What happened to Muhammad in Mecca?
Definition
He was persecuted (harrassed)
Term
What does the elders of Yathrib ask Muhammad to become?
Definition
their leader
Term
What is Yathrib?
Definition
The town of Jewish-Arab conflict
Term
What was the town Yathrib renamed to?
Definition
Medina
Term
What was so special about Medina to Muhammad and his family?
Definition
Their home for the rest of their life
Term
What was the charter that Muhammad gace Medina?
Definition
Grants people the freedom of religion in exchange for support
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