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| a desert dwelling Arab nomad |
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| a city in western Saudi Arabia; birthplace of the prophet Muhammad and most holy city for Islamic people |
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| final destination of Muhammad’s hijra and the home of the first community of Muslims; later renamed Medina; located in the northwest of present-day Saudi Arabia |
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| Muhammad’s journey from Mecca to Medina in 622 |
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| a city in western Saudi Arabia; a city where Muhammad preached |
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| the most sacred temple of Islam, located at Mecca |
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| one of the Five Pillars of Islam, the pilgrimage to Mecca that all Muslims are expected to make at least once in their lifetime |
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| in Islam, an effort in God’s service |
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| body of Islamic law that includes interpretation of the Quran and applies Islamic principles to everyday life |
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