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-James Martineau: the Belief in an ever-living God, that is, in a Divine Mind and Will ruling the Universe and holding moral relations with mankind. -Rudolph Otto: religion is that which grows out of, and gives expression to, experience of the holy in its various aspects. -Immanuel Kant: religion is the recognition of all our duties as divine commands. -Sigmund Freud: religion is comparable to a childhood neurosis. -Karl Marx: religion is the sign of the oppressed creature… it is the opium of the people |
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religion in American universities |
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To understand who we are as humans; To increase our knowledge; To comprehend our culture; To understand the world around us; To formulate our own world view |
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assigning partners to god |
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one god, monotheism (to assert) |
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the community of believers` |
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period of ignorance before Islam |
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denier of the existence of God |
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authoritative collection of manuscripts |
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shirk, before islam, worshipping idols |
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only one real being exists |
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Polytheism, Christianity, Judaism |
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signs, miracles, scriptures, prophets, creation |
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transcendence, life and power, knowledge, will, hearing and sight, speech, and works |
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intermediaries between visible universe and God, they are made of light |
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to be God's vicegerent, his servant, to fulfill the covenant of God, to excel and attain perfection |
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to tell you who God is (also source of law) |
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where was Qur'an revealed |
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First revelation of Qur'an |
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theology of God, salvation and hereafter, prophecy, ethics, relations with non-muslims, warfare, prayers, it's non-narrative |
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interpreted to find the meaning |
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to explain or expound, outer meaning |
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person finding the outer meaning of something |
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it's a large city, idols, focuses on tauheed |
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people moving by, focuses on law |
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he is seen as an arbiter (hijra), he becomes a military leader |
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turning point in war between muslims and Quraysh |
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resurrection/day of judgment |
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accountability/notice, justice/guilt, purpose of life |
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death, angel of death, questioning in the grave, final day arrives |
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the anti-christ who will reign for 40 days |
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