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1. What was Libya like in history, before it became predominantly Muslim? Who was there, and what battles/wars took place?
Source: http://www.hilalplaza.com/Islamic-World-Middle-East/Libya/Libya_History.html |
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1a.
The first history of Libya comes from when it was ruled by the Phoenicians (Mariners from around 2,500 years ago) and Carthaginians (came from the Phoenicians), also by Alexander the Great’s armies, the Ptolemies (Egyptian), the Romans, Vandals and local Byzantine representatives. |
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1b.
Romans brought the territories of Libya together as its capital city, Tripoli, was run by a group of Phoenicians until after the Third Punic War went under Roman power therefore it would have had Catholicism largely in its midst of religion. |
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1c.
Abdullah ibn Sa'ad invaded western Libya in 647 AD, with a huge army of Arabs. The army took Tripoli from the Byzantines. The Exarch (lower rank bishop) Gregory was killed but his successor Genna dius promised a tribute to the Arabs, if only he could have power over the land. When he refused to pay, his land wanted things from Constantinople but when he couldn't pay for anything his own men brought him down. He had help from the Caliph of Damascus, who helped him journey towards Africa, although Genna dius died on the way there the Arabs still fought the Byzantines. The locals of the areas converted to Islam because of this. Other battles helped shift the religious views. |
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1d.
He had help from the Caliph of Damascus, who helped him journey towards Africa, although Genna dius died on the way there the Arabs still fought the Byzantines. The locals of the areas converted to Islam because of this. Other battles helped shift the religious views. |
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1e.
There were a lot of pirates on the Libyan coast in the early 15th who had followed the Spanish. The Ottomans controlled Libya until invaded by Italy in 1911. The Italians attacked Tripoli, and despite rebellion from the Libyans the Ottoman sultan handed Libya over to Italy through the Treaty of Lausanne. There were many other rebellions, which in the end resulted in 150,000 settlers. Sheikh Sidi Idris was appointed the king of the free Libyan state of which he was the head of a nomadic tribe in. In 1947 Italy released Italy and offered around $260 million USD in apology. |
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1f.
As the Italians had only invaded for a short period, this might be a reason as to why Libya is a hugely of Muslim majority. |
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2. Libya is majority Sunni Muslim, what exactly is it, when was there a split and what are the differences between the different branches of Islam?
Source: Medievals Textbook |
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2a.
Sunni Muslim is a branch of Islam that was created when there was a decision in 661 AD over who should rule after Caliph Ali’s death. Sunni Muslims believe that they follow closely what Muhammad did in his life and try to achieve the same as he did. |
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2b.
Its different because Sunnis follow the examples set by Muhammad and follow the way he lived his life. Different to the Shiites because -they believe others should have been the successor, different to Ibadis because - Ibadis mainly based on five pillars of Islam, the early Khadijites. |
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2c.
Libya as a country came to being Islamic because of the Ottoman Empire spreading. This effected Libya because it was a change in lifestyle and their religion. |
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3. How did Libya’s location make the acceptance of the Islamic faith easier?
Source: http://www.hilalplaza.com/Islamic-World-Middle-East/Libya/Libya_History.html |
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3a.
The main port of Libya took on many traders, which would have definitely spread the religion because of the different variation of cultures that were there |
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4. How does Libya control their religion?
Source: http://berkleycenter.georgetown.edu/resources/countries/libya |
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4a.
The people who have power over them control things. After the Italians invaded, and after WW2 the Sanussi Sufis religious movement came into power after the independence in 1951. |
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4b.
Gaddafi came to power in 1969. He wiped out the Sanussi movement and therefore Libya became Orthodox Islam. He brought in all the rules about being dressed appropriately and not going to nightclubs or drinking alcohol. |
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5. How does the war affect Libya's religion?
Source: My brain, just what I think. |
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5a.
People may become scared and might blame it on the religion, as there were others that claimed to be of the same faith. |
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