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Islam 2nd Exam
test
40
Religious Studies
Undergraduate 2
11/19/2012

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Term
Sharia
Definition
Islamic law, the Islamic legal system, the way to the watering hole
Term
Akhlaq
Definition
Islamic ethics
Term
ilm al-kalam / usul al-din
Definition
Islamic theology
Term
tasawwuf
Definition
Islamic mysticism
Term
Sunna (3 things)
Definition
1. Means a particular or trodden path
2. Prophetic paradigm
3. The second source of Islamic law
Term
Hadith
Definition
Reports about Prophet
A primary source for Islamic law
Term
sunnat-allah
Definition
The Way
Term
Khabar
Definition
news and info about the Prophet and Companions
Term
Athar
Definition
traces or vestiges about the companions and successors
Term
Isnad
Definition
the chain of transmission
Term
Matn
Definition
the text of the hadith
Term
Hadith on 5 Pillars
Definition
"On the authority of Abu 'Abd al-Rahman' Abdullah bin 'Umar bin al-Khattab, who said: I heard the Messenger of Allah, sallallahu 'alayhi wasallam, say:

"Islam has been built upon five things - on testifying that there is no god save Allah, and that Muhammad is His Messenger; on performing salah; on giving zakah, on Hajj to the House, and on fasting during Ramadhan."
Term
Hadith Qudsi
Definition
"Your Lord delights at a shepherd who, on the peak of a mountain crag, gives the call to prayer and prays. Then Allah (glorified and exalted be He) said: Look at this servant of Mine, he gives the call to prayer and performs the prayers; he is in awe of Me. I have forgiven My servant [his sins] and have admitted him to Paradise."
Term
Where are Hadith Found?
Definition
Books on History
Books on Fiqh or law
Collections of Hadith
Term
Reliability of Narrators of Hadith
Definition
Sahih - sound and reliable
Hasan - good and acceptable
Daif - weak
Maudu - fabricated
Term
How did succession play into the rise of Shia Muslims?
Definition
They believed that Ali was the rightful successor to the Prophet Muhammad.
Term
Ahl al-bayt
Definition
the People of the Prophet's house
Term
Shia (meaning)
Definition
partisans or supporters
Term
The Fundamentals of Shi'ism
Definition
Divine Unity - Tawid
Prophecy - nabuwwa
Day of Judgment - al-akhira
Imamate
Adl - divine justice
Term
Pillars of Shi'ism (8)
Definition
1. Prayer
2. Fasting
3. Alms
4. Khums
5. Pilgrimage
6. Jihad
7. Enjoining the Good
8. Resisting Evil
Term
Pivotal events in the Shi'ite History
Definition
1. the conversion of Ali as a teenager
2. the appointment of Ali by the Prophet Muhammad
3. the selection of Abu-Bakr and not Ali
Term
Differences from Sunni and Shi'ite Islam
Definition
Political authority rested with Ali and descendants, not with Caliphs and Sultans
The religious authority (Imams) were designated and sinless
Term
Maslahah
Definition
benefit to society
Term
adl
Definition
justice
Term
purpose of Islamic Law (3)
Definition
to improve and perfect conditions of human beings
to place things in their right and proper place
to establish an equilibrium between rights and obligations
Term
What is the Content of Law
Definition
idabat - worship
Muamalat - transactions in society
Term
Who is obligated to Sharia?
Definition
Muslims
Mature people
Sound rationality (no one unconscious or crazy)
Term
Sources of Sharia?
Definition
Qur'an
Sunna/hadith
Ijma - scholarly consensus
Qiyas - reasoning by analogy
Term
What are the 5 principles of Islamic theology (ilm al-kalam / usul al-din)
Definition
Tauheed
adl
Eternity of hell or paradise (divine promise or threat)
Muslim sinner
command to enjoin good or forbig inequality
Term
Tariqa
Definition
the way (and Sufi Orders)
Term
Khanqah
Definition
a Sufi center or hospice or convent.
Term
Dhikr or zikr
Definition
the chanting of the names of God or Quranic verses as a means of prayer and meditation
Term
Fana
Definition
(extinction or annihilation) the experience of the effacement of the ego or sense of self that occurs when the mystic attains union with God or realization of the Absolute
Term
Marifa
Definition
(knowledge) sometimes translated as gnosis, the inner knowledge of divine reality
Term
Mureed
Definition
a disciple or student of Sufism who is under the leadership of developed teacher or shaykh
Term
Murshid
Definition
an accomplished sufi master
Term
Nafs
Definition
soul or ego
Term
What is Tasawwuf
Definition
1. constant application to divine worship
2. complete devotion to God
3. aversion to the false splendor of the world
4. abstinence from the pleasure, property, and position to which teh great masses aspire
5. retirement form the world into solitude for divine worship
Term
Qur'an loving God for God's sake
Definition
"Oh God, if I worship you in fear of Hell, burn me in Hell; and if I worship you in hope of paradise, exclude me from paradise; but if I worship you for your own sake then do not withhold your everlasting beauty."
Term
What is the highest of all topics according to Al-Ghazali?
Definition
The love of God
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