T/F

Advances in data storage have made routine violation of individual privacy more difficult.

False

T/F

The last step in analyzing an ethical issue should be to identify the stakeholders-people who have a vested interest in the outcome of the decision.

False

T/F

Privacy is the right to be left alone when you want to be, without surveillance or interference from other individuals or organizations.

True

T/F

Spyware is software that comes hidden in downloaded applications and can track your online movements.

True

T/F

Trade secret law does not protect the actual ideas in a work product.

False

T/F

Copyright is the legal protection afforded intellectual property, such as a song, book, or video game.

True

T/F

The drawback to copyright protection is that the underlying ideas behind the work are not protected, only their reproduction in a product.

True

T/F

According to the courts, the creation of software, unique concepts, general functional features, and even colors are protectable by copyright law.

False

T/F

The key concepts in patent law are originality, novelty, and value.

False

T/F

Despite the passage of several laws defining and addressing computer crime, accessing a computer system without authorization is not yet a federal crime.

False

T/F

Any unsolicited email is legally considered spam.

False

T/F

The most common type of computer-related RSI is carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS).

True

T/F

Technostress is computer-related malady whose symptoms include fatigue.

True

Which of the following best describes how new information systems result in legal grey areas?

A. They work with networked, electronic data, which are more difficult to control than information stored manually.

B. They result in new situations that are not covered by old laws.

C. They are implemented by technicians rather than managers.

D. They are created from sets of logical and technological rules rather than social or organizational mores.

B. They result in new situations that are not covered by old laws.

The introduction of new information technology has a:

A. Dampening effect on the discourse of business ethics.

B. Ripple effect, raising new ethical, social, and political issues.

C. Beneficial effect for society as a whole, while raising dilemmas for consumers.

D. Waterfall effect in raising ever more complex ethical issues.

B. Ripple effect, raising new ethical, social, and political issues.

In the information age, the obligations that individuals and organizations have concerning rights to intellectual property fall within the moral dimension of:

A. property rights and obligations

B. system quality

C. accountability and control

D. information rights and obligations

A. property rights and obligations

In the information age, the obligations that individuals and organizations have regarding the preservation of existing values and institutions fall within the moral dimension of:

A. family and home

B. property rights and obligations

C. system quality

D. quality of life

D. quality of life

Which of the five moral dimensions of the information age do the central business activities of ChoicePoint raise?

A. property rights and obligations

B. system quality

C. accountability and control

D. information rights and obligations

D. information rights and obligations

NORA is a:

A. profiling technology used by the EU.

B. federal privacy law protecting networked data.

C. new data analysis technology that finds hidden connections between data in disparate sources.

D. sentencing guideline adopted in 1987 mandating stiff sentences on business executives.

C. new data analysis technology that finds hidden connections between data in disparate sources.

Which of the following is NOT one of the five steps discussed in Chapter 4 as a process for analyzing an ethical issue?

A. assign responsibility

B. identify stakeholders

C. identify the options you can reasonably take

D. identify and clearly describe the facts

A. assign responsibility

A colleague of yours frequently takes for his own personal use small amounts of office supplies noting that the loss to the company is minimal. You counter that if everyone were to take office supplies the loss would no longer be minimal. Your rationale expresses which historical ethical principle?

A. Kant's Categorical Imperative

B. The Golden Rule

C. The Risk Aversion Principle

D. The 'no free lunch' rule

A. Kant's Categorical Imperative

A classic ethical dilemma is the hypothetical case of a man stealing from a grocery store in order to feed his straving family. If you used the utilitarian principle to evaluate this situation, you might agree that stealing the food is:

A. acceptable because the grocer suffers the least harm

B. acceptable because the higher value is the survival of the family

C. wrong because the man wouldn't want the grocer to steal from him

D. wrong because if everyone were to do this, the concept of personal property is defeated

B. acceptable because the higher value is the survival of the family

Immanuel Kant's Categorical Imperative states that:

A. if an action cannot be taken repeatedly, then it is not right to be taken at all.

B. one should take the action that produces the least harm or incurs the least cost.

C. one can put values in rank order and understand the consequences of various course of action.

D. if an action is not right for everyone to take, it is not right for anyone to take.

D. if an action is not right for everyone to take, it is not right for anyone to take.

The ethical 'no free lunch' rule states that:

A. if an action cannot be taken repeatedly, then it is not right to be taken at any time.

B. one should take the action that produces the least harm or incurs the least cost.

C. one can put values in rank order and understand the consequences of various course of action.

D. everything is owned by someone else, and that the creator wants compensation for this work.

D. everything is owned by someone else, and that the creator wants compensation for this work.

According to _____, you should take the action that produces the least harm.

A. Categorical Imperative

B. Risk Aversion Principle

C. Utilitarian Principle

D. Golden Rule

B. Risk Aversion Principle

Which U.S. act restrics the information the federal government can collect and regulates what they can do with the information?

A. Privacy Act of 1974

B. Gamm-Leach-Bliley Act of 1999

C. Freedom of Information Act

D. HIPAA of 1996

A. Privacy Act of 1974

FIP Principles are based on the notion of the:

A. accountability of the record holder

B. responsibility of the record holder

C. mutuality of interest between the record holder and the individual

D. privacy of the individual

C. mutuality of interest between the record holder and the individual

The Federal Trade Commission FIP principle of Notice/Awareness states that:

 A. customers must be allowed to choose how their information will be used for secondary purposes other than the supporting transaction.

B. data collectors must take responsible steps to assure that consumer information is accurate and secure from unauthorized use.

C. there is a mechanism in place to enforce FIP principles.

D. Web sites must disclose their information practices before collecting data. 

D. Web sites must disclose their information practices before collecting data.

Which of the following U.S. laws gives patients access to personal medical records and the right to authorize how this information can be used or disclosed?

A. HIPAA

B. Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act

C. Privacy Protection Act

D. Freedom of Information Act

A. HIPAA

European privacy protection is _____ than in the United States.

A. less far reaching

B. less liable to laws

C. much less stringent

D. much more stringent

D. much more stringent

U.S. businesses are allowed to use personal data from EU countries if they:

A. have informed consent

B. create a safe harbor

C. develop equivalent privacy protection policies 

D. make their privacy protection policies publicly available

C. develop equivalent privacy protection policies

When a cookie is created during a Web site visit, it is stored:

A. on the web site computer

B. on the visitor's computer

C. on the ISP's computer

D. in a web directory

B. on the visitor's computer

The Online Privacy Alliance:

A. encourages self regulation to develop a set of privacy guidelines for its members.

B. protects user privacy during interactions with Web sites.

C. has established technical guidelines for ensuring privacy.

D. is a government agency regulating the use of customer information

A. encourages self regulation to develop a set of privacy guidelines for its members.

A(n) ______ model of informed consent permits the collection of personal information until the consumer specifically requests that the data not be collected.

A. opt-in

B. opt-out

C. P3P

D. PGP

B. opt-out

The limitation of trade secret protection for software is that it is difficult to prevent the ideas in the work from falling into the public domain when:

A. the courts become involved

B. hackers are able to break into the source

C. the software is widely distributed

D. a new version of the software is released

C. the software is widely distributed

Intellectual property can best be described as:

A. intangible property created by individuals or corporations.

B. unique creative work or ideas.

C. tangible or intangible property created from a unique idea.

D. the expression of an intangible idea.

A. intangible property created by individuals or corporations.

What legal mechanism protects the owners of intellectual property from having their work copied by others?

A. Patent protection

B. Intellectual property law

C. Copyright law

D. Fair Use Doctrine

C. Copyright law

'Look and feel' copyright infringement lawsuits are concerned with:

A. the distinction between tangible and intangible ideas

B. the distintcion between an idea and its expression

C. using the graphical elements of another product

D. using the creative elements of another product

B. the distinction between an idea and its expression

The strength of patent protection is that it:

A. puts the strength of the law behind copyright

B. allow protection from Internet theft of ideas put forth publicly

C. is easy to define

D. grants a monopoly of underlying concepts and ideas

D. grants a monopoly of underlying concepts and ideas

One of the drawbacks of patent protections is:

A. that only the underlying ideas are protected

B. digital media cannot be patented

C. preventing the ideas from falling into public domain

D. the years of waiting to receive it

D. the years of waiting to receive it

Which of the following adjusts copyright laws to the Internet age by making it illegal to circumvent technology-based protections of copyrighted materials?

A. Digital Millennium Copyright Act

B. Privacy Act

C. Freedom of Information Act

D. Electronic Communications Privacy Act

A. Digital Millennium Copyright Act

_______ are not held liable for the messages they transmit.

A. Regulated common carriers

B. Private individuals

C. Organizations and businesses

D. Elected officials

A. Regulated common carriers

It is not feasible for companies to produce error-free software because:

A. any programming code is susceptible to error

B. it is too expensive to create perfect software

C. errors can be introduced in the maintenance stage of development

D. any software of any complexity will have errors

B. it is too expensive to create perfect software

The most common source of business system failure is:

A. software bugs

B. software erros

C. hardware or facilities failures

D. data quality

D. data quality

Flash cookies are different from ordinary cookies in that they:

A. are installed only at the user's request

B. are not stored on the user's computer

C. cannot be easily detected or deleted

D. monitor the user's behavior at a web site

C. cannot be easily detected or deleted

The 'do anything anywhere' computing environment can:

A. make work environments much more pleasant

B. create economies of efficiency

C. centralize power at corporate headquarters

D. blur the traditional boundaries between work and family time

D. blur the traditional boundaries between work and family time

The practice of spamming has been growing because:

A. telephone solicitation is no longer legal

B. it is good advertising practice and brings in many new customers

C. it helps pay for the internet

D. it is so inexpensive and can reach so many people

D. it is so inexpensive and can reach so many people

The U.S. CAN-SPAM Act of 2003:

A) makes spamming illegal.

B) requires spammers to identify themselves.

C) has dramatically cut down spamming.

D) does not override state anti-spamming laws.

B. requires spammers to identify themselves

Which of the five moral dimensions of the information age does spamming raise?

A) Quality of life

B) System quality

C) Accountability and control

D) Information rights and obligations

A. quality of life

Re-designing and automating business processes can be seen as a double-edged sword because:

A) increases in efficiency may be accompanied by job losses.

B) increases in efficiency may be accompanied by poor data quality.

C) support for middle-management decision making may be offset by poor data quality.

D) reliance on technology results in the loss of hands-on knowledge.

A. increases in efficiency may be accompanied by job losses

The term "________ divide" refers to large disparities in access to computers and the Internet among different social groups and different locations.

A) computer

B) technology

C) digital

D) electronic

C. digital

CVS refers to:

A) eyestrain related to computer display screen use.

B) carpal vision syndrome.

C) wrist injuries brought about by incorrect hand position when using a keyboard.

D) stress induced by technology.

A. eyestrain related to computer display screen use

________ can be induced by tens of thousands of repetitions under low-impact loads.

A) CTS

B) CVS

C) RSI

D) Technostress

C. RSI

T/F

The principles of right and wrong that can be used by individuals to make choices to guide their behavior are called morals.

False

Advertisers use ________ in order to display more relevant ads based on user's search and browsing history.

A) behavioral targeting

B) web bugs

C) NORA

D) intelligent agents

A. behavioral targeting

Descartes' rule of change, that if an action cannot be taken repeatedly, it is not right to take at all, is also known as:

A) the slippery-slope rule.

B) the lemming rule.

C) high-failure cost rule.

D) the utilitarian principle.

A. the slippery-slope rule

T/F

Liability refers to the existence of laws that permit individuals to recover damages done to them by other actors, systems, or organizations.

True

T/F

The Utilitarian Principle asks you to put yourself in the place of others, and think of yourselef as the object of the decision.

False

T/F

Safe harbor is informal permission to reuse data given with the knowledge of all the facts needed to make a rational decision.

False

T/F

A web beacon is a tiny object embedded in email messages and web pages that is designed to monitor online Internet user behavior.

True

The ________ model prohibits an organization from collecting any personal information unless the individual specifically takes action to approve information collection and use.

A) safe harbor

B) opt-in

C) FIP

D) P3P

B. opt-in

 A(n) ________ grants the owner an exclusive monopoly on the ideas behind an invention for 20 years.

A) copyright

B) trademark

C) patent

D) trade secret

C. patent

T/F

The commission of acts involving the computer that may not be illegal but are considered unethical is called computer abuse.

True

T/F

IT infrastructure is the set of physical devices required to operate the entire enterprise.

False

T/F

Today, most system and application software is custom built by in-house programmers.

False

T/F

One aspect of systems integration refers to ensuring that legacy systems work with new elements of the infrastructure.

True

T/F

Client/server computing is the most widely used form of centralized processing.

False

T/F

Application server software is responsible for locating and managing stored Web pages.

False

T/F

In cloud computing, rapid elasticity refers to the ability of computing resources to be quickly altered to meet demand.

True

T/F

A computer language translation program is an example of system software.

True

T/F

Hypertext markup language (HTML) specifies how text, graphics, video, and sound are placed on a document.

True

T/F

Web services can exchange information between two different systems regardless of the operating system of programming languages on which the systems are based.

True

T/F

The collection of Web services that are used to build a firm's software system constitutes what is known as a service-oriented architecture.

True

T/F

SaaS providers deliver and provide Web-based, remote access to storage.

False

T/F

Allowing departments to make their own software and hardware purchases increases efficiency and minimizes the need for centralized support.

False

T/F

Total cost of ownership components includes cost for downtime, training, and support.

True

T/F

Software localization refers to the entire process of converting software to operate in a second language.

True

In a(n) ________ computing model, companies use their own infrastructure for essential computing tasks and adopt public cloud computing for less critical operations or additional processing during peak business periods.

A) scalable

B) quantum

C) autonomic

D) hybrid cloud

D. hybrid cloud

Software that manages the resources of the computer is called:

A) system software.

B) application software.

C) data management software.

D) network software.

A. system software

Software used to apply the computer to a specific task for an end user is called:

A) system software.

B) application software.

C) data management software.

D) network software

B. application software

Software that organizes, manages, and processes business data, such as data concerned with inventory, customers, and vendors, is called:

A) system software.

B) application software.

C) data management software.

D) network software.

C. data management software

Legacy systems are still in use today because:

A) they can only be run on the older mainframe computers.

B) they are too expensive to redesign.

C) many integrate well using new Web services technologies.

D) they contain valuable data that would be lost during redesign.

B. they are too expensive to redesign

) Which of the following types of computer is used for weather forecasting?

A) Mainframe

B) Server

C) Minicomputer

D) Supercomputer

D. supercomputer

Connecting geographically remote computers in a single network to create a "virtual supercomputer" is called:

A) co-location.

B) cloud computing.

C) grid computing.

D) autonomic computing.

C. grid computing

In client/server computing, the client is:

A) the computer that acts as the user point of entry.

B) the location of the bulk of the processing.

C) software program used for logging on to the network.

D) the computer that firsts asks for services.

A. the computer that acts as the user point of entry

Which of the following storage technology stores data sequentially?

A. CD-ROM

B. RAID

C. Magnetic disks

D. Magnetic tape

D. Magnetic tape

A high speed network dedicated to storage that connects different kinds of storage devices, such as tape libraries and disk arrays so they can be shared by multiple servers, best describes:

A. SSN

B. ASP

C. LAN (local area network)

D. SAN (storage area network)

D. SAN (storage area network)

What type of device gathers data and converts them into electronic form for use by the computer?

A. output device

B. input device

C. optical storage

D. magnetic storage

B. input device

Which of the following devices collects data directly from the environment for input into a computer system?

A. sensor

B. touch screen

C. audio input

D. trackball

A. sensor

Which of the following is NOT a type of output device?

A. speakers

B. cathode ray tube

C. ink jet printer

D. keyboard

D. keyboard

Virtualization:

A) allows one operating system to manage several physical machines. (allows one physical machine to run more than one operating system)

B) has enabled microprocessor manufacturers to reduce the size of transistors to the width of an atom.

C) can boost server utilization rates to 70% or higher.

D) allows smartphones to run full-fledged operating systems.

C. can boost server utilization rates to 70% or higher

Which of the following statements is not true about cloud computing?

A) It consists of three types of services: cloud infrastructure, cloud platform, and cloud software.

B) It removes the concern about data and systems security for businesses.

C) It allows smaller firms to use resources previously unaffordable.

D) It relies on the Internet as the platform for delivering services to users.

B. It removes the concern about data and systems security for businesses.

Purchasing computing power from a central computing service and paying only for the amount of computing power used is commonly referred to as:

A. grid computing

B. utility computing

C. client/server computing

D. autonomic computing

B. utility computing

________ describes the practices and technologies used minimize the environmental effects of manufacturing and managing computing devices.

A) Capacity planning

B) Cloud computing

C) Green computing

D) Autonomic computing

C. Green computing

An example of autonomic computing is:

A) virus protection software that runs and updates itself automatically.

B) software programmed to run on any hardware platform.

C) cell phones taking on the functions of handheld computers.

D) programming languages that allow non-programmers to create custom applications.

A. virus protection software that runs and updates itself automatically.

An industry-wide effort to develop systems that can configure, optimize, tune, and heal themselves when broken, and protect themselves from outside intruders and self-destruction is called:

A) grid computing.

B) utility computing.

C) cloud computing.

D) autonomic computing.

D. autonomic computing

The interactive, multiuser operating system developed by Bell Laboratories in 1969 to be highly supportive of communications and networking is:

A) UNIX.

B) Linux.

C) Mac OS.

D) COBOL.

A. UNIX

Linux is:

A) primarily concerned with the tasks of end users.

B) designed for specific machines and specific microprocessors.

C) an example of open-source software.

D) especially useful for processing numeric data.

C. an example of open-source software

The toy manufacturer you work for wants to exchange data with a chain of toy stores in order to improve their distribution and speed to market. The toy stores use different software than your firm. Which of the following tools or technologies presents the best solution?

A) Mashups

B) Extranet

C) Web services

D) Cloud computing

C. Web services

Apps:

A) lower the cost of switching mobile platforms.

B) are an example of open-source software.

C) tie the user to a particular hardware platform.

D) require the user to have an online connection.

D. require the user to have an online connection

Linux:

A) is a Windows-like operating system.

B) plays a major role in running Web servers and local area networks.

C) is the primary OS used in quantum computing.

D) is designed to support only UNIX computers.

A. is a Windows-like operating system

ChicagoCrime.org, which combines Google Maps with crime data for the city of Chicago, is an example of:

A) cloud computing.

B) SOA.

C) a widget.

D) a mashup.

D. a mashup

Software applications that combine different components of online software applications are referred to as:

A) integrated software.

B) widgets.

C) mashups.

D) grid computing.

C. mashups

All of the following place strain on system capacity, except for:

A) increased number of users.

B) reduced response time for transaction processing. (if increased (faster) response time is required, it will stress the system.)

C) increased business volume.

D) large numbers of interactive Web pages.

B. reduced respone time for transaction processing

Which of the following refers to the ability of a computer, product, or system to expand to serve a larger number of users without breaking down?

A) Modifiability

B) Scalability

C) Expandability 

D) Disintermediation

B. Scalability

To analyze the direct and indirect costs and determine the actual cost of specific technology implementations, you would use a:

A) total cost of ownership model.

B) return on investment model.

C) break-even point.

D) cost benefit analysis.

A. total cost of ownership model

Translating software to different languages is commonly referred to as:

A) software localization

B) scaling

C) service-oriented architecture

D) outsourcing

A. software localization

T/F

Nanotechnology uses individual atoms and molecules to create computer chips and other devices that are thousands of times smaller than current technologies permit.

True

A(n) ________ allows users to interact with a computer by using several fingers to perform gestures without using a mouse or keyboard.

A) GUI

B) multitouch interface

C) touch screen

D) interface

B. multitouch interface

T/F

A software package for a maintenance usually requires an IT professional to install it.

True

T/F

Web browsers are the primary interface for accessing the Internet.

True

T/F

XML provides a standard format for data exchange, enabling Web services to pass data from one process to another.

True

________ is free software created and updated by a worldwide community of programmers.

A) An app

B) Open-source software

C) Cloud-based software

D) A Web service

B. open-source software

You use ________ to predict when a computer hardware system becomes saturated.

A) capacity planning

B) virtualization

C) localization

D) measured service

A. capacity planning

T/F

An SaaS provider maintains a large Web server, or series of servers, and provides fee-paying subscribers with space to maintain their Web sites.

False

T/F

Web mining is the discovery of useful patterns on the Web.

True

T/F 

A grouping of characters into a word, a group of words, or a complete number is called a record.

False

T/F

Every record in a file should contain at least one key field.

True

T/F Both Oracle and Microsoft Access use SQL to retrieve information from the database.

True

T/F

DBMS simplify how end users work with databases by separating the logical and physical views of the data.

True

T/F

Most back-end databases are able to interpret HTML commands.

False

T/F

Hadoop can process large quantities of any type of data, including video and Twitter feeds.

True

T/F

A data warehouse may include information from legacy systems.

True

T/F 

A data warehouse is typically comprised of several smaller data marts.

False

T/F

OLAP is used to find hidden patterns and relationships in large databases, and infer rules from these to infer future behavior.

False

T/F

A foreign key in a table of the database is a field that links to the primary key of another table.

True

T/F

In-memory computing relies on a computer's main memory (RAM) for storing data.

True

T/F

A firm's information policy lays out who is responsible for updating and maintaining the information in a database system.

True

T/F

The use of different terms for identifying data in a firm's various information systems is an example of redundant data.

False

T/F

Data cleansing is the same process as data scrubbing.

True

What is the first step you should take in managing data for a firm?

A) Identify the data needed to run the business

B) Cleanse the data before importing it to any database

C) Normalize the data before importing to a database

D) Audit your data quality

A) Identify the data needed to run the business.

The type of logical database model that treats data as if they were stored in two-dimensional tables is the:

A) two-tiered DBMS

B) pre-digital DBMS

C) relational DBMS

D) hierarchical DBMS

C) relational DBMS

In a table for customers, the information about a single customer would reside in a single:

A) field

B) row

C) column

D) table

B. row

A field identified in a table as holding the unique identifier of the table's records is called the:

A) primary key.

B) key field.

C) primary field. 

D) foreign key

A. primary key

A field identified in a table as holding the unique identifier for that record is called the:

A) primary key.

B) key field.

C) primary field

D) foreign key

B. key field

The process of streamlining data to minimize redundancy and awkward many-to-many relationships is called:

A) normalization.

B) data scrubbing.

C) data cleansing.

D) data administration.

A. normalization

A DBMS makes the:

A) physical database available for different logical views.

B) logical database available for different analytical views.

C) physical database available for different relational views.

D) relational database available for different physical views.

A. physical database availlable for different logical views.

Which of the following is not a typical feature of DBMS?

A) Data manipulation language

B) Report generation tools

C) Data dictionary

D) Query wizard tool 

D. query wizard tool

In clustering, a data mining tool will:

A) find new groupings within data.

B) find related predictions from existing values.

C) find several events grouped by time.

D) find new associations.

A. find new grouping within data

MySQL is a:

A) DBMS for small handheld computing devices.

B) popular open-source DBMS.

C) mainframe relational DBMS.

D) DBMS for desktop systems.

B. popular open-source DBMS

Data mining is more ________ than OLAP.

A) data focused

B) multidimensional

C) query oriented

D) discovery driven

D. discovery driven

All of the following are tools or technologies for extracting information from unstructured data sets except:

A) sentiment analysis software.

B) SQL queries.

C) Hadoop.

D) Non-relational DBMS.

B. SQL queries

The most prominent data manipulation language today is:

A) Access

B) DB2

C) SQL

D) Crystal Reports

C. SQL

Which of the following statements about data warehouses is not true?

A) They store supply data to be used across the enterprise for management analysis and decision making.

B) Data warehouse systems provide a range of ad hoc and standardized query tools, analytical tools, and graphical reporting facilities.

C) They may include data from Web site transactions.

D) Data warehouse systems provide easy-to-use tools for managers to easily update data.

D. Data warehouse systems provide easy-to-use tools for managers to easily update data.

A data mart usually can be constructed more rapidly and at lower cost than a data warehouse because:

A) it typically focuses on a single subject area or line of business.

B) all the information is historical.

C) it uses a Web interface.

D) all of the information belongs to a single company.

A. it typically focuses on a single subject area or line of business.

Tools for consolidating, analyzing, and providing access to vast amounts of data to help users make better business decisions are known as:

A) DSS

B) business intelligence tools.

C) OLAP

D) data mining tools

B. business intelligence tools

The tool that enables users to view the same data in different ways using multiple dimensions is:

A) Hadoop.

B) SQL.

C) OLAP.

D) data mining.

C) OLAP

OLAP is a tool for enabling:

A) users to obtain online answers to ad hoc questions rapidly.

B) users to view both logical and physical views of data.

C) programmers to quickly diagram data relationships.

D) programmers to normalize data.

A. users to obtain online answers to ad hoc questions rapidly

Data mining is a tool for allowing users to:

A) quickly compare transaction data gathered over many years.

B) find hidden relationships in data.

C) obtain online answers to ad hoc questions in a rapid amount of time.

D) summarize massive amounts of data into much smaller, traditional reports.

B. find hidden relationships in data

In terms of the data relationships found by data mining, sequences refers to:

A) events linked over time.

B) patterns that describe a group to which an item belongs.

C) occurrences linked to a single event.

D) undiscovered groupings.

A. events linked over time

Which of the following would you use to find patterns in user interaction data recorded by Web servers?

A) Web usage mining

B) Web server mining

C) Web structure mining

D) Web content mining

A. web usage mining

Which of the following would you use to find out which Web sites with content related to database design were the most often linked to by other Web sites?

A) Web usage mining

B) Web server mining

C) Web structure mining

D) Web content mining

C. web structure mining

Within a corporate information services department, the task of creating the physical database and its logical relations are responsibilities of the ________ function.

A) database administration

B) data administration

C) server administration

D) data modeling

A. database administration

Businesses use ________ tools to search and analyze unstructured data sets, such as e-mails and memos.

A) Hadoop

B) Web mining

C) text mining

D) OLAP

C. text mining

Detecting and correcting data in a database or file that are incorrect, incomplete, improperly formatted, or redundant is called:

A) data auditing.

B) defragmentation.

C) data scrubbing.

D) data optimization.

C. data scrubbing

T/F

A DBMS is special software for creating, storing, organizing, and accessing data from a database.

True

T/F

A physical view shows data as it is organized on the storage media.

True

T/F

End users use a data manipulation language to add, edit, delete data in the database.

True

Hadoop is a(n):

A) NoSQL database technology that stores both data and procedures acting on the data as objects.

B) data mining platform designed for storing and analyzing big data produced by Web communications and transactions.

C) open-source software framework designed for distributing data-processing over inexpensive computers.

D) pre-configured hardware-software system designed for analyzing big data.

C. open-source software framework designed for distributing data-processing over inexpensive computers.

A data ________ stores current and historical data of potential interest to decision makers throughout the company.

A) warehouse

B) mart

C) archive

D) mine

A. warehouse

A(n) ________ is a dedicated computer in a client/server environment that hosts a DBMS.

A) web server

B) application server

C) database server

D) client server

C. database server

T/F

An information policy specifies the procedures and rules for defining the structure and content of corporate databases.

False

T/F

Data administration is a special organizational function that manages the policies and procedures through which data can be managed as an organizational resource.

True

A(n) ________ is a structured survey of the accuracy and level of completeness of the data in an information system.

A) data quality audit

B) systems analysis

C) systems audit

D) data analysis

A. data quality audit

T/F

Increasinly, voice, video, and data communications are all mostly based on Internet technology.

True

T/F

A network operating system (NOS) must reside on a dedicated server computer in order to manage a network.

False

T/F

A hub is a networking device that connects network components and is used to filter and forward data to specified destinations on the network.

False

T/F

In a client/server network, a network server provides every connected client with an address so it can be found on the network.

True

T/F

Central large mainframe computing has largely replaced client/server computing.

False

T/F

Circuit switching makes much more efficient use of the communications capacity of a network than does packet switching.

False

T/F

Two computers using TCP/IP can communicate even if they are based on different hardware and software platforms.

True

T/F

Coaxical cable is similar to that used for cable television and consists of thickly insulated copper wire.

True

T/F

The number of cycles per second that can be sent through any telecommunications medium is measured in kilobytes.

False

T/F

The domain name system (DNS) converts domain names to IP addresses.

True

T/F

The domain name system (DNS) converts domain names to IP addresses.

True

T/F

VoIP technology delivers voice information in digital form using packet switching.

True

T/F

In a large company today, you will often find an infrastructire that includes hundreds of small LANs linked to each other as well as to corporate-wide networks.

True

T/F

Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) technology is being gradually replaced by less costly technologies such as Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs).

False

The device that acts as a connection point between computers and can filter and forward data to a specified destination is called a(n):

A) hub

B) switch

C) router

D) NIC

B. switch

The method of slicing digital messages into parcels, transmitting them along different communication paths, and reassembling them at their destinations is called:

A) multiplexing.

B) packet switching.

C) packet routing.

D) ATM.

B. packet switching

The telephone system is an example of a ________ network.

A) peer-to-peer

B) wireless

C) packet-switched

D) circuit-switched

D. circuit-switched

Which of the following is not a characteristic of packet switching?

A) Packets travel independently of each other.

B) Packets are routed through many different paths.

C) Packet switching requires point-to-point circuits.

D) Packets include data for checking transmission errors.

C. packet switching requires point-to-point circuits.

In TCP/IP, IP is responsible for:

A) disassembling and reassembling of packets during transmission.

B) establishing an Internet connection between two computers.

C) moving packets over the network.

D) sequencing the transfer of packets.

A. disassembling and reassembling of packets during transmission.

In a telecommunications network architecture, a protocol is:

A) a device that handles the switching of voice and data in a local area network.

B) a standard set of rules and procedures for control of communications in a network.

C) a communications service for microcomputer users.

D) the main computer in a telecommunications network.

B. a standard set of rules and procedures for control of communications in a network

To use the analog telephone system for sending digital data, you must also use:

A) a modem.

B) a router.

C) DSL.

D) twisted wire.

A. modem

The "Internet of Things" refers to:

A) the increasing focus on shopping as the major user activity on the Internet.

B) the microblogging trend, in which users exchange short text and pictures rather than longer and more in-depth content and text.

C) a vision of a pervasive Web, in which common objects are connected to and controlled over the Internet.

D) the trend away from platform-independent Web applications to mobile-device specific apps.

C. a vision of a pervasive Web, in which common objects are connected to and controlled over the Internet.

Which of the following is a challenge faced by Wi-Fi networks?

A) Lack of broadband support

B) Connectivity issues with wired LANs

C) Susceptibility to interference from nearby wireless systems

D) High cost of infrastructure technology

C. susceptibility to interference from nearby wireless systems

Bandwidth is the:

A) number of frequencies that can be broadcast through a medium.

B) number of cycles per second that can be sent through a medium.

C) difference between the highest and lowest frequencies that can be accommodated on a single channel.

D) total number of bytes that can be sent through a medium per second.

C. difference between the highest and lowest frequencies that can be accomodated on a single channel

Digital subscriber lines:

A) operate over existing telephone lines to carry voice, data, and video.

B) operate over coaxial lines to deliver Internet access.

C) are very-high-speed data lines typically leased from long-distance telephone companies.

D) have up to twenty-four 64-Kbps channels.

A. operate over existing lines to carry voice, data, and video

T lines:

A) operate over existing telephone lines to carry voice, data, and video.

B) operate over coaxial lines to deliver Internet access.

C) are high-speed, leased data lines providing guaranteed service levels.

D) have up to twenty-four 64-Kbps channels.

C. are high speed, leased data lines providing guaranteed service levels

Which protocol is the Internet based on?

A) TCP/IP

B) FTP

C) packet-switching

D) HTTP

A. TCP/IP

What service converts IP addresses into more recognizable alphanumeric names?

A) HTML

B) DNS

C) IP

D) HTTP

B. DNS

The child domain of the root is the:

A) top-level domain.

B) second-level domain.

C) host name.

D) domain extension.

A. top-level domain

In the domain name "http://myspace.blogging.com", what are the root, top-level, second-level, and third-level domains, respectively?

A) "http://", myspace, blogging, com

B) "http://", com, blogging, myspace

C) ".", com, blogging, myspace

D) ".", myspace, blogging, com

C. ".", com, blogging, myspace

IPv6 is being developed in order to:

A) update the packet transmission protocols for higher bandwidth.

B) create more IP addresses.

C) allow for different levels of service.

D) support Internet2.

B. create more IP addresses

Which of the following statements about RFID is not true?

A) RFIDs transmit only over a short range.

B) RFIDs use an antenna to transmit data.

C) Microchips embedded in RFIDs are used to store data.

D) RFIDs require line-of-sight contact to be read.

D. RFIDs require line-of-sight contact to be read

A VPN:

A) is an encrypted private network configured within a public network.

B) is more expensive than a dedicated network.

C) provides secure, encrypted communications using Telnet.

D) is an Internet-based service for delivering voice communications.

A. is an encrypted private network configured within a public network.

Web browser software requests Web pages from the Internet using which protocol?

A) URL

B) HTTP

C) DNS

D) HTML

B. HTTP

Together, a protocol prefix, a domain name, a directory path, and a document name, are called a(n):

A) uniform resource locator (URL).

B) IP address.

C) third level domain.

D) root domain.

A. Uniform resource locator (URL)

The process of employing techniques to help a Web site achieve a higher ranking with the major search engines is called:

A) virtual private network (VPN)

B) Internet Architecture Board (IAB).

C) Search Engine Marketing (SEM.)

D) Search Engine Optimization (SEO.)

D. Search Engine Optimization (SEO)

The most appropriate wireless networking standard for creating PANs is:

A) I-mode.

B) IEEE 802.11b

C) WiFi

D) Bluetooth.

D. Bluetooth

Bluetooth can be used to link up to ________ devices within a 10-meter area using low-power, radio-based communication.

A) four

B) six

C) eight

D) ten

C. Eight

One or more access points positioned on a ceiling, wall, or other strategic spot in a public place to provide maximum wireless coverage for a specific area are referred to as:

A) touch points.

B) hotspots.

C) hot points.

D) wireless hubs.

B. hotspots

The 802.11 set of standards is known as:

A) WLAN.

B) WSN.

C) Wi-Fi.

D) WiMax.

C. Wi-Fi

The WiMax standard can transmit up to a distance of approximately:

A) 30 meters. (WiFi is 30-50 meters)

B) 500 meters.

C) 30 miles.

D) 5 miles.

C. 30 miles

What is the primary difference between 3G and 4G cellular systems?

A) 4G systems are digital.

B) 4G systems have greater transmission speeds.

C) 3G systems are unable to handle Web browsing.

D) 3G systems have poor security.

B. 4G systems have greater transmission speeds

A ________ is special software that routes and manages communications on the network and coordinates networks resources.

A) switch

B) firewall

C) server

D) network operating system/NOS

D. network operating system (NOS)

T/F

A router is a device that forwards packets of data through different networks, ensuring the data gets to the right address.

True

Prior to the development of ________, computer networks used leased, dedicated telephone circuits to communicate with other computers in remote locations.

A) packet switching

B) routers

C) servers

D) coaxial cable

A. packet switching

T/F

An analog signal is a discrete, binary waveform that transmits data coded into two discrete states such as 1-bits and 0-bits

False

T/F

An ISP is a commercial organization that owns a region of transcontinental high-speed backbone networks carrying the bulk of Internet traffic.

False

T/F

The trunk lines of the Internet are typically owned by network service providers.

T/F

Smartphones have the same security flaws as other Internet-connected devices.

True

T/F

Viruses can be spread through email.

True

T/F

To secure mobile devices, a company will need to implement special mobile device management software.

True

T/F

Wireless networks are vulnerable to penetration because radio frequency bands are easy to scan.

True

T/F

One form of spoofing involves forging the return address on an e-mail so that the e-mail message appears to come from someone other than the sender.

True

T/F

Sniffers enable hackers to steal proprietary informaiton from anywhere on a network, including email messages, company files, and confidential reports.

True

T/F

Denial of Service (DoS) attacks are used to destroy information and access restricted areas of a company's information system.

False

T/F 

The distributed nature of cloud computing makes it somewhat easier to track unauthorized access.

T/F

Zero defects cannot be achieved in larger software programs because fully testing programs that contain thousands of choices and millions of paths would require thousands of years.

True

T/F 

An acceptable use policy defines the acceptable level of access to information assets for different users.

False

T/F

Biometric authentication is the use of physical characteristics such as retinal images to provide identification.

True

T/F

Packet filtering catches most types of network attacks.

False

T/F

NAT conceals the IP addresses of the organization's internal host computers to deter sniffer programs.

True

T/F

SSL is a protocol used to establish a secure connection between two computers.

True

T/F

Public key encryption uses two keys.

True

T/F

Smartphones typically feature state-of-the-art encryption and security features, making them highly secure tools for businesses.

False

Security

Controls

Vulnerable to many more kinds of threats

Electronic data are more susceptible to destruction, fraud, error, and misuse because information systems concentrate data in computer files that:

May be accessible by anyone who has access to the same network

Specific security challenges that threaten the communications lines in a client/server environment include:

Which of the following statements about the Internet security is not true?

A) The use of P2P networks can expose a corporate computer to outsiders.

B) A corporate network without access to the Internet is more secure than one that provides access.

C) VoIP is more secure than the switched voice network.

D) Instant messaging can provide hackers access to an otherwise secure network.

Answer:  C

C. VoIP is more secure than the switched voice network

worm

Click fraud

In 2004, ICQ users were enticed by a sales message from a supposed anti-virus vendor. On the vendor's site, a small program called Mitglieder was downloaded to the user's machine. The program enabled outsiders to infiltrate the user's machine. What type of malware is this an example of?

Trojan horse

Redirecting a wed link to a different address is a form of:

Spoofing

Spyware

DDoS

Spoofing

An example of phishing is:

A) setting up a bogus Wi-Fi hot spot.

B) setting up a fake medical Web site that asks users for confidential information.

C) pretending to be a utility company's employee in order to garner information from that company about their security system.

D) sending bulk e-mail that asks for financial aid under a false pretext.

B. setting up a fake medical web site that asks users for confidential information.

Evil twins are:

A) Trojan horses that appears to the user to be a legitimate commercial software application.

B) e-mail messages that mimic the e-mail messages of a legitimate business.

C) fraudulent Web sites that mimic a legitimate business's Web site.

D) bogus wireless network access points that look legitimate to users.

D. bogus wireless network access points that look legitimate to users.

Pharming involves:

A) redirecting users to a fraudulent Web site even when the user has typed in the correct address in the Web browser.

B) pretending to be a legitimate business's representative in order to garner information about a security system.

C) setting up fake Web sites to ask users for confidential information.

D) using e-mails for threats or harassment.

A. redirecting users to a fraudulent web site even when the user has typed in the correct address in the web browser.

You have been hired as a security consultant for a law firm. Which of the following constitues the greatest source of security threats to the firm?

A. wireless network

B. employees

C. authentication procedures

D. lack of data encryption

B. employees

Tricking employees to reveal their passwords by pretending to be a legitimate member of a company is called:

Social engineering

They issue patches.

The HIPAA Act of 1996:

A) requires financial institutions to ensure the security of customer data.

B) specifies best practices in information systems security and control.

C) imposes responsibility on companies and management to safeguard the accuracy of financial information.

D) outlines medical security and privacy rules.

D. outlines medical security and privacy rules.

The Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act:

A) requires financial institutions to ensure the security of customer data.

B) specifies best practices in information systems security and control.

C) imposes responsibility on companies and management to safeguard the accuracy of financial information.

D) outlines medical security and privacy rules.

A. requires financial institutions to ensure the security of customer data.

The Sarbanes-Oxley Act:

A) requires financial institutions to ensure the security of customer data.

B) specifies best practices in information systems security and control.

C) imposes responsibility on companies and management to safeguard the accuracy of financial information.

D) outlines medical security and privacy rules.

C. imposes responsibility on companies and management to safeguard the accuracy of financial information.

Application controls:

A) can be classified as input controls, processing controls, and output controls.

B) govern the design, security, and use of computer programs and the security of data files in general throughout the organization.

C) apply to all computerized applications and consist of a combination of hardware, software, and manual procedures that create an overall control environment.

D) include software controls, computer operations controls, and implementation controls.

A. can be classified as input controls, processing controls, and output controls.

________ controls ensure that valuable business data files on either disk or tape are not subject to unauthorized access, change, or destruction while they are in use or in storage.

Data security

Analysis of an information system that rates the likelihood of a security incident occurring and its cost is included in a(n):

A) security policy.

B) acceptable use policy (AUP)

C) risk assessment.

D) business impact analysis.

C. risk assessment

Statements ranking information risks and identifying security goals are included in a(n):

A) security policy.

B) AUP.

C) risk assessment.

D) business impact analysis.

A. security policy

) Rigorous password systems:

A) are one of the most effective security tools.

B) may hinder employee productivity.

C) are costly to implement.

D) are often disregarded by employees

B. may hinder employee productivity

Biometric authentication:

A) is inexpensive.

B) is used widely in Europe for security applications.

C) can use a person's voice as a unique, measurable trait.

D) only uses physical measurements for identification.

C. can use a person's voice as a unique, measurable trait.

A firewall allows the organization to:

A) enforce a security policy on data exchanged between its network and the Internet.

B) check the accuracy of all transactions between its network and the Internet.

C) create an enterprise system on the Internet.

D) check the content of all incoming and outgoing e-mail messages.

A. enforce a security policy on data exchanged between its network and the Internet

Which of the following is a type of ambient data?

A) Computer log containing recent system errors

B) A file deleted from a hard disk

C) A file that contains an application's user settings

D) A set of raw data from an environmental sensor

B. a file deleted from a hard disk

________ use scanning software to look for known problems such as bad passwords, the removal of important files, security attacks in progress, and system administration errors.

A) Stateful inspections

B) Intrusion detection systems

C) Application proxy filtering technologies

D) Packet filtering technologies

B. intrusion detection systems

Currently, the protocols used for secure information transfer over the Internet are:

A) TCP/IP and SSL.

B) S-HTTP and CA.

C) HTTP and TCP/IP.

D) SSL, TLS, and S-HTTP.

D. SSL, TLS, and S-HTTP

Most antivirus software is effective against:

A) only those viruses active on the Internet and through e-mail.

B) any virus.

C) any virus except those in wireless communications applications.

D) only those viruses already known when the software is written.

D. only those viruses already known when the software is written

In which method of encryption is a single encryption key sent to the receiver so both sender and receiver share the same key?

A) SSL

B) Symmetric key encryption

C) Public key encryption

D) Private key encryption

B. symmetric key encryption

A digital certificate system:

A) uses third-party certificate authorities (CAs) to validate a user's identity.

B) uses digital signatures to validate a user's identity.

C) uses tokens to validate a user's identity.

D) is used primarily by individuals for personal correspondence.

A. uses third-party certificate authorities (CAs) to validate a user's identity

For 100 percent availability, online transaction processing requires:

A) high-capacity storage.

B) a multi-tier server network.

C) fault-tolerant computer systems.

D) dedicated phone lines.

C. Fault-tolerant computer systems

In controlling network traffic to minimize slow-downs, a technology called ________ is used to examine data files and sort low-priority data from high-priority data.

A) high availability computing

B) deep-packet inspection

C) application proxy filtering

D) stateful inspection

B. deep-packet inspection

The development and use of methods to make computer systems resume their activities more quickly after mishaps is called:

A) high-availability computing.

B) recovery-oriented computing.

C) fault-tolerant computing.

D) disaster-recovery planning.

B. recovery-oriented computing

Smaller firms may outsource some or many security functions to:

A) ISPs.

B) MISs.

C) MSSPs.

D) CAs.

C. MSSPs

A practice in which eavesdroppers drive by buildings or park outside and try to intercept wireless network traffic is referred to as:

A) war driving.

B) sniffing.

C) cybervandalism.

D) driveby tapping.

A. war driving

T/F

Malicious software programs referred to as spyware include a variety of threats such as computer viruses, worms, and trojan horses.

False

________ is a crime in which an imposter obtains key pieces of personal information to impersonate someone else.

A) Identity theft

B) Spoofing

C) Social engineering

D) Evil twins

A. identity theft

Computer forensics tasks include all of the following except:

A) presenting collected evidence in a court of law.

B) securely storing recovered electronic data.

C) collecting physical evidence on the computer.

D) finding significant information in a large volume of electronic data.

C. collecting physical evidence on the computer

) ________ identify the access points in a Wi-Fi network.

A) NICs

B) Mac addresses

C) URLs

D) SSIDs

D. SSIDs

A foreign country attempting to access government networks in order to disable a national power grid would be an example of:

A) phishing.

B) denial-of-service attacks.

C) cyberwarfare.

D) cyberterrorism.

C. cyberwarfare

T/F

Authorization refers to the ability to know that a person is who they say they are.

False

Comprehensive security management products, with tools for firewalls, VPNs, intrusion detection systems, and more, are called ________ systems.

A) DPI

B) MSSP

C) NSP

D) UTM

UTM

T/F

A walkthrough is a type of software testing used before software is even written.