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Irwin
Unit 1 Terms
82
Religious Studies
12th Grade
03/23/2015

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Term
Objective
Definition
means independent of the subject
Term
Subjective
Definition
means dependent on the subject
Term
Nature
Definition
refers to the qualities shared by all members of a particular group that distinguish that group from all other groups (synonymous with essence)
Term
To be happy
Definition
means to experience completeness and communion with others
Term
Prosperity
Definition
refers to the process of seeking that which pleasaes or gratifies us (wealth, sensuality, power, and honor)
Term
Pleasure
Definition
refers to experiencing what pleases or gratifies us (wealth, sensuality, power, and honor)
Term
Joy
Definition
refers to the process of seeking that which satisfies or complete us
Term
Contentment
Definition
refers to experiencing what satisfies or completes us
Term
Happiness
Definition
the whole and perfect possession of unlimited life at once
Term
Blessedness
Definition
refers to the supreme good of joy and contentment arising from the experience
Term
Natural Limits
Definition
mean that things in the material universe are changeable and scarce
Term
Experimental Limits
Definition
mean that in choosing one thing, we cannot choose other things
Term
Natural Law
Definition
refers to the dynamic moral order that God wove into the fabric of the creation
Term
Theist
Definition
believes that God exists
Term
Atheist
Definition
believes that God does not exist
Term
Agnostic
Definition
does not know whether or not God exists
Term
Prime Mover
Definition
says that there needs to be a Being who set the creation in motion and established the patterns for change
Term
First Cause
Definition
says that nothing can cause itself, so in the beginning there has to be a first cause
Term
Necessary Being
Definition
states that reality cannot consist of only contingent beings, there must be at least one being that had to exist
Term
Perfect Being
Definition
states that we can identify gradations in being from superior to inferior
Term
Grand Designer
Definition
states that because creation works in concert with itself it must be the product of design
Term
Cosmology
Definition
refers to how individuals or groups understand the nature of things, human nature, good and evil
Term
Essentialism
Definition
(Theist) refers to the view that essence (what it is) precedes existence (that it is) which leads to belief in the existence of God
Term
Non-Essentialism
Definition
(Agnostic) refers to the view that the question of essence and existence cannot be resolved
Term
Existentialist
Definition
(Atheist) refers to the view that existence (that it is) precedes essence (what it is) so God is not needed
Term
Potency
Definition
refers to what could be the reality
Term
Act
Definition
refers to what really is
Term
Matter
Definition
refers to the material stuff of which a thing or act consists
Term
Substance
Definition
refers to the identity of a thing or act with all of its properties
Term
Essence
Definition
refers to the identity of a thing or an act with all of its properties in a certain condition
Term
Form
Definition
gives identity and makes something a certain kind of thing
Term
Accidents
Definition
traits that cannot exist apart from a substance and are not properties of a substance, but reveal the substance
Term
Existence
Definition
means to possess being
Term
Final End
Definition
what the act is ordered toward (purpose is a synonym for final end)
Term
Change
Definition
refers to the process of becoming
Term
Transcendentals
Definition
refer to the properties that go beyond the particulars of any one thing
Term
Cosmos
Definition
refers to the sum total of all created existence, everything and everyone
Term
Eternity
Definition
describes existence out of time
Term
Universe
Definition
refers to the expanding material reality of space-time
exists in 4 dimensions (3 spatial and one temporal)
Term
Arrow of Time
Definition
refers to our experience of the continuous process that we experience as the future becomes the past
Term
Present
Definition
what we call our experience of the future becoming the past
Term
Aseity
Definition
means that existence originates within itself and not from an outside source
Term
Static Ordered View
Definition
change occurs in the universe in constant predictable relationships because things and event are linked by absolute necessity
Term
Dynamic Chaotic View
Definition
change occurs in the universe in unpredictable ways
anything can happen because there are no necessary relationships linking things and events (shit happens)
Term
Dynamic Ordered View
Definition
change occurs in the universe in generally predictable relationships
Term
Absolute Necessity
Definition
refers to a relationship whereby it is impossible for one thing or event to occur unless or until another thing or event occurs first
Term
Practical Necessity
Definition
refers to a relationship whereby it is possible but difficult for one thing or event to occur unless or until another thing or event occurs first
Term
Necessity Free
Definition
refers to two things or events that have no necessary relationship with each other
Term
Constrained Randomness
Definition
refers to the relationship between chaos and order, change and constancy in a given thing or act due to the boundaries set by the nature of the thing or act
Term
Property
Definition
a characteristic unique to a certain kind of thing or act
Term
Risen Life
Definition
the realization of our full human potential (the whole and perfect possession of unlimited life at once)
Term
Resurrection
Definition
the means by which God created a new form of human life (Risen Life for us)
Term
Ordered Acts
Definition
those that contribute to our actualizing happiness in risen life
Term
Disordered Acts
Definition
those that deny us happiness in risen life
Term
Love
Definition
the commitment to the good of another
Term
Resignation
Definition
refers to denying whom we really are in an effort to gain the acceptance of others
Term
Blessedness
Definition
refers to the supreme good of joy and contentment arising from the experience
Term
Human Rational Soul
Definition
the substantial form of the human individual (we are made in the image and likeness of God with the potential to inherit risen life)
Term
Person
Definition
refers to an individual substance of a rational nature
Term
Risen Life
Definition
in Christ is the realization of our full human potential (the whole and perfect possession of unlimited life at once)
Term
Resurrection
Definition
the means by which God created a new form of human life (Risen Life for us)
Term
Ordered Acts
Definition
those that contribute to our actualizing happiness in risen life
Term
Disordered Acts
Definition
those that deny us happiness in risen life
Term
Love
Definition
the commitment to the good (happiness) of another
Term
Resignation
Definition
refers to denying whom we really are in an effort to gain the acceptance of others
Term
Blessedness
Definition
refers to the supreme good of joy and contentment arising from the experience
Term
Human Rational Soul
Definition
the substantial form of the human individual (we are made in the image and likeness of God with the potential to inherit risen life)
Term
Person
Definition
refers to an individual substance of a rational nature
Term
Ineffable Self
Definition
genuine spiritual being (soul) that is most fully the self
Term
Dignity
Definition
means the value or worth of the individual by virtue of their human personhood
Term
Self-Esteem
Definition
refers to recognition of one's own human dignity
Term
Integrity
Definition
means to be self-consistent and rightly integrated
Term
Chastity
Definition
means the successful integration of sexuality within the person
Term
Appetites
Definition
refers to the automatic and uncritical attraction to what appears good or the repulsion from what appears evil
Term
Emotion
Definition
a surge of energy through the appetites that can inflame the will and override the intellect
Term
Concupiscence
Definition
refers to the struggle within the self, caused by the alienation of the original sin that makes controlling the impulse emotions so difficult
Term
Intellect
Definition
refers to our capacity to know and understand in general and specifically to the distinctively human ability to form concepts
Term
Will
Definition
refers to the ability to act on our own initiative; the freedom to choose even in opposition to one's own nature
Term
Reason
Definition
sensible, balanced, fair, and logical
Term
Assert
Definition
confident, decisive, and bold
Term
Feel
Definition
the experience of the emotions
Term
Balance
Definition
a state of soul and mind experienced as harmony, stability, and completeness or simply happiness
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