Term
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Definition
| collection or set of individuals who interact with and depend on each other |
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Term
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Definition
| specific type of group that is assembled to accomplish a specific goal as a unit |
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Term
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Definition
quality circles
cross-functional teams
project teams
self-managing work teams
management teams
virtual teams
global teams |
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Term
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Definition
| period of orientation, getting acquanted, defining roles |
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Term
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Definition
| disagreement, tension, competition, conflicts emerge |
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Term
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Definition
| conflicts are resolved, team harmony/unity emerge |
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Term
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Definition
| focus on cooperation, problem solving, accomplishing team's assigned task |
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Term
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Definition
| group productivity = group potential - process loss + process gain |
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Term
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Definition
presence of others:
enhances performance on simple or well-learned tasks
reduces performance on complex or novel tasks |
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Term
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Definition
| tendency for individuals to exert less effort on a collective task than on an individual task |
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Term
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Definition
tendency to avoid doing something in a group tha one would otherwise do individually
e.g. help-seeking, admitting mistakes, contributing key information to a discussion |
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Term
| group cohesiveness leads to process loss when |
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Definition
cohesiveness is low
cohesiveness is high, quick agreement is encourage and dissent discouraged
cohesiveness is high and group norms favor irresponsible behavior or low performance standards |
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Term
group polarization
leads to process loss when |
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Definition
tendency for group that initially agrees to agree even more strongly in the preferred direction after discussion
discussion 'polarizes' members attitudes- risky/cautious shift |
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Term
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Definition
as group seeks conformity and unity, they sacrifice everything in order to maintain peace within the group, causing poor decision-making
overstimation of the group's power
closed-mindedness
pressure towards uniformity |
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Term
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Definition
used to stimulate people to develop alternatives during the planning and decision-making process
quantity over quality
no evaluation or criticism |
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Term
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Definition
- reduces dependence on single authority figure
- encourages open sharing of ideas
- stimulates participation among members
- provides individual safety in competitive group
- maximzes output for a short period of time
- tends to be enjoyable and stimulating
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Term
brainstorming
disadvantages |
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Definition
lack of closure
may cause dissatisfaction among participants
some members may still be intimidated |
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Term
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Definition
goal is to generate large number of creative potential solutions to a problem, evaluate these solutions, and rank them from most to least promising
members are physically present |
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Term
nominal group technique
4 steps |
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Definition
- group members generate ideas in writing (individually)
- sharing ideas (round-robin participation)
- group evaluative discussion
- ranking and voting
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Term
nominal group technique
advantages |
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Definition
generates many high quality, creative ideas
participation is balanced across members
feelings of accomplishment and commitment
conforming influence is minimized
sense of closure; solution
superior to brainstorming |
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Term
nominal group technique
disadvantages |
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Definition
only succeeds if all members abide by the rules
high level of structure can reduce feelings of involvement and direct interaction
requires advanced planning |
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