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Invertebrates
Body structures and types of invertebrates
43
Biology
12th Grade
04/06/2008

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Term
Suspension Feeder
Definition
captures food particles that pass through its body
Term

Spongocoel

Definition
Central cavity of a sponge
Term
Osculum
Definition
Large opening at the top of a sponge, out of which water is expelled
Term
Porifera
Definition
Phylum to which sponges belong
Term
Choanocytes
Definition

flagellated sponge cells that draw in food particles

Term
Mesohyl
Definition
gelatinous region of a sponge that contains amoebocytes and spicules
Term
Amoebocytes
Definition
cells within sponges that digest food and carry nutrients to other cells
Term
Hermaphrodite
Definition
organism with male and female reproductive organs
Term
Cnidarians
Definition

Phylum to which corals, hydras, and jellies belong

Diploblastic

Radial Symmetry

Nerve Net

Term
Gastrovascular cavity
Definition
central body cavity where cnidarian digestion takes place
Term

polyp

Definition
cnidarian form that is adhered to the substrate (Hydra, sea anemone...)
Term
medusa
Definition
free floating cnidarian which catches prey using tentacles
Term
cnidocyte
Definition
cells that capture prey which contain cnidae; capsule-like organelles
Term
Hydrozoa
Definition
class of cnidarians including hydras, portugese man of war, etc.  Alternate between polyp and medusa.
Term

Scyphozoa

Definition
class of cnidaria containing jellies and sea nettles
Term
Anthozoa
Definition
class of cnidarians containing sea anenomes, corals, sea vans.  No medusa stage, sessile and colonial
Term
Platyhelminthes
Definition

phylum containing flatworms

Bilateral

triploblastic

acoelomates

Term

Tubellaria

Definition

class of platyhelminthes containing free-living flatworms, both marine and freshwater, including planarians

Term
Trematoda
Definition
class of platyhelminthes containing parasites of vertebrates, often live in multiple hosts during their lifecycles
Term
cestoda
Definition

class of platyhelminthes containing parasitic tapeworms

Term
scolex
Definition
head of a tapeworm that attaches to host
Term
Rotifera
Definition

phylum containing microscopic animals which are smaller than many protists

 

organs

alimentary cavity

pseudocoelates

triploblastic

parthogenesis

Term
alimentary canal
Definition
digestive tube with a separate mouth and anus
Term
parthogenesis
Definition
females produce more females from unfertilized eggs
Term
lophophorates
Definition

members of phyla ectoprocta, phoronida, and brachiopoda, all of which draw in food using ciliated tentacles.

 

bilateral symmetry

alimentary canal

triploblastic

true coelom

Term
ectoprocts
Definition
lophophorates which live in colonies and resemble plants
Term
phoronids
Definition
lophophorates which are tube dwelling marine worms
Term
brachiopods
Definition

lophophorates called lamp shells, which are superficially similar to clams

Term
closed circulatory system
Definition
all blood is contained in vessels and distinct from other body fluids
Term
Mollusca
Definition
phylum containing snails, slugs, oysters, clams, octupuses, and squids.  Soft bodied-animals protected by shells 
Term
visceral mass
Definition
area containing internal organs of molluscs
Term
mantle
Definition
fold of tissue that secretes shell and drapes over visceral mass in molluscs
Term
mantle cavity
Definition
water filled chamber which houses gills, anus, and excretory pores of some molluscs
Term
radula
Definition
rasping organ of molluscs that scrapes up food
Term
trochophore
Definition
ciliated larval stage of molluscs
Term
Polyplacophora
Definition
class of mollusca containing chitons, marine animals with 8-plated shell.
Term
Gastropoda
Definition
class of molluscs containing snails and slugs.  Marine, freshwater, or terrestrial with asymetrical bodies
Term
torsion
Definition
developmental process of gastropods in which the visceral mass rotates and causes the anus and mantle to be located above the head.  Destroys bilateral symmetry.
Term
bivalvia
Definition

class of molluscs containing clams, mussels, scallops, and oysters.  flattened shell with two valves and reduced head, suspension feeders

Term
cephalopod
Definition
class of molluscs containing squids, octopuses, and nautilises.  head surrounded by grasping tentacles, shell may be internal, external, or nonexistant.
Term
Annelid
Definition
Phylum containing segmented worms
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