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| Prescriptions should include |
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| Date hen it was written, Name, address and age of the patient, superscription (Rx), inscription (drug, strength and any inert additives), subscription (directions for pharmacist), signature (directions for patient), refill information and signature of the prescriber |
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| what information about the prescriber should be included on a prescription? |
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| name, telephone number, address and DEA number on the prescription |
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| prescriptions should be writtin with a _____ in the ____ system |
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| relative magnitude of two similar quantities and if frequently defined as the quotient of two similar numbers |
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| equality of two ratios; ex: a:b = c:d and a/b = c/d |
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| percent weight- in-volume |
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| number of grams of a medicaiton per 100 mL of liquide |
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| number of mL of medication per 100 mL of liquid |
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| number of grams per 100 g of solution or misxure |
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| how to solve percentage strength problems? |
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| what is a ratio strength? |
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| expresses the amount of drug in solution as grams of drug perv olume espressed in mL; ex: 1:500 soln implies there is a 1 g present per 500 mL of solution |
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| how do you solve ratio strength problems? |
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| describe the method of dimensional analysis |
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| quantity given x conversion factor for given quantity x conversion factor for desired quantity x conversion computation x quantity desired |
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| 10 drops/mL, 15 drops/mL or 20 drops/mL |
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| equation for determining flow rates |
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| gtt/min = [drop factor (gtt/mL0 x total volume (mL/hr)] / time in min per hr |
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| formula for microdrip infusion rate |
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| [60 x weight adjusted dose x weight] / drug concentration |
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| formula for body surface area |
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| [(BW in kG x Ht in cM0/3600] ^1/2 |
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| why are body surface estimates employed? |
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| with antineoplastics and for standardization (metabolic rate and renal function) |
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| why are body surface estimates employed? |
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| with antineoplastics and for standardization (metabolic rate and renal function) |
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| how do you adjust a pt specific measurement to its value per 1.73 m^2 |
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| multiply the patint specific value by the ration [1.73/pts BSA] |
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| kg/m^2 = weight in kg/ height in m^2 |
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| describe a quick conversion for pounds to kg |
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1) divide weight in lbs by 2;
2) take 10% of the number in step 1;
3) subtract the number in step 2 from the number in step 1 |
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C = 5/9 (F-32)
C= 5/9(F + 40) - 40 |
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F = 32 + 9/5 C
F = 9/5 (C + 40) - 40 |
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| weight of a substnace that combines with or replaces one gram atomic weight of hydrogen |
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| What is an equivalent weight? |
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| determined by diving the formula weight by its valence |
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| multiplying the equivalent weight by 1/1000; used to express the concentration of eletrolytes in solution, specifically refers to the number of ionic charges in solution |
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| formula for calculating mEq |
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| #mEg = (#mg x valence) / formula weight |
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| formula for amount of salt in an IV solution |
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| g = (mEx/L x formula weight of salt (in g)) / (valence x 100) |
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| mOsmol for non-electolytes |
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| equal to the formula weight; mOsm/L = g/L / formula weight x 1000 |
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| mOsm/L for strong electrolytes |
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| total particle number is influenced by the degree of dissociation; mOsm/L = g/L/ formula weight x number of ions x 1000 |
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| list order of decreasing osmotic effect per gram of nutritional components |
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| electrolytes > small organic molecules > dextrose oligosaccharides > starches > proteins > fats |
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| how do you solve problems for different dosage forms? ex if in a salt, ester or hydrate? |
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