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Introduction to Theology
Exam 2
40
Religious Studies
Undergraduate 1
03/23/2013

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Term
Christology
Definition
Study of Christ
Term
Soteriology
Definition
Study of Salvation
Term
Messiah
Definition
Anointed one, from Hebrew "meshiach"
Term
Consubstantial
Definition
regarded as identical in substance or essence though different in aspect
Term
Homoousios
Definition
Of the same essence
Term
What was the preferred name Jesus used to refer to himself?
Definition
Son of Man
Term
What is the purpose of Jesus?
Definition
Substitution for humanity's sin
Term
Adoptionism
Definition
very human but anointed by the Holy Spirit
Term
Docetism
Definition
very divine but appeared to be human
Term
Arianism
Definition
Not divine but privileged among all God's creation
Term
What was the purpose of the Nicene creed
Definition
Nicene - This creed was first formulated at the First Ecumenical Council, held at Nicea, located in what is now Turkey, in 325, as a response to the Arian heresy, which denied the divinity of Christ. It was revised at the Second Ecumenical Council, held at Constantinople in 381 as a response to the Macedonian or Pneumatomachian heresy, which denied the divinity of the Holy Spirit.
Term
What was the purpose of the Chalcedon creed
Definition
Chalcedon - Response to heretical views of Christ (more human or more divine)
Term
Explain the two-nature doctrine of the incarnation
Definition
Two nature's of Christ as incarnate God. 1 being his full humanity, the other being his full Godhood
Term
Friedrich Schleiermacher 1768-1834
Definition
Father of liberal theology

Jesus is not a divine being who assumed human nature, but a prophetic figure who fully realizes the divine nature that is in all humans

He is the clue to the divinity that is in all of us

Incarnation advances evolutionary pattern that can bring all of human life to a higher life
Term
Emil Brunner 1889 - 1966
Definition
Humanity of Christ is a historical mask in which the Divine Word clothes Himself

Personality of Jesus is distinguishable in history, but the person of Jesus is a mystery that transcends history
Term
Karl Barth 20th C
Definition
Jesus has no independent personality, can't separate personality from the person

Word of God, God remains God in reincarnation. Christ is the universal man

Christ takes on our fallen or sinful nature, identifies with our predicament even though he never actually succumbed to sin
Term
Paul Tillich 20th C
Definition
Refers to Jesus as a new being

Divine human unity lives somewhere in the depths of our being, to discover self is to discover God

3 Polarities

Dynamic/Form
Individualisation/Participation
Freedom/Destiny
Term
Campolo
Definition
God as suffering servant
Term
What are the three ontological polarities that are reflected in Tillich's New Being of Christ.
Definition
Dynamic/Form
Individualisation/Participation
Freedom/Destiny
Term
Justification
Definition
wrongs made right
Term
Sanctification
Definition
unclean made holy
Term
Repentance
Definition
full rejection of sin
Term
Explain the controversy over verses such as Romans 2:22 and Gal 2:16
Definition
Argument of faith vs. works. Are we saved by faith in God or by works which prove our faith?
Term
How does Roman Catholicism differ from typical Protestant positions on Salvation
Definition
Catholics: Justification has been merited for us by the Passion of Christ. It is granted us through Baptism. It conforms us to the righteousness of God, who justifies us."

Reformation: Sola Fide, Sola Gratia. It is an event. Only faith, only grace
Term
What is the difference between the Pelagius and Augustine on the subject of sin and salvation?
Definition
The heart of the debate centered on the doctrine of original sin, particularly with respect to the question of the extent to which the will of fallen man is "free."

Augustine - man fully depraved

Pelagius - man is born good, chooses freely between right and wrong
Term
What are the five Remonstrants?
Definition
Conditional Election
Unlimited Atonement
Depravity
Resistible Grace
Conditional Perseverance
Term
Explain Calvin's TULIP.
Definition
Total Depravity
Unconditional Election
Limited Atonement
Irresistible Grace
Perseverance of the Saints
Term
Model of Salvation - Calvin
Definition
Greater focus on the process of regeneration than justification, salvation is a simple trust in the efficacy and all-sufficient atoning work of Christ
Term
Model of Salvation - Luther
Definition
Salvation is Christ descending to fallen humanity

It is by Grace and not human effort

Human effort is a show of gratitude

Justification is an umbrella that covers our unrighteousness and makes us acceptable to a holy God
Term
Model of Salvation - Mysticism
Definition
Mysticism - Creation and Fall --> Incarnation of God --> Deification --> Vision of God
Term
Model of Salvation - Wesley
Definition
Salvation begins with justification and continues with sanctification and ends in glorification
Term
Model of Salvation - Barth
Definition
Jesus embodies God's election of humanity and God's rejection of human sin. He is the electing God and the elect man. As the electing God, Jesus elects all of humanity in himself. And thus, as the elected man, all who are "in Christ" are elect in him. Non-believers, it is said, have simply not realized or recognized their election in Christ.
Term
What are 5 things that the Holy Spirit is responsible for?
Definition
Convicts, indwells, reveals truth, gift giver, fruit producer
Term
What is the filioque? And why was it so controversial.
Definition
"and (from) the Son", is a phrase found in the form of Nicene Creed in use in most of the Western Christian churches. It is not present in the Greek text of the Nicene Creed as originally formulated at the First Council of Constantinople, which says only that the Holy Spirit proceeds "from the Father":

East vs. West, because East feels the HS isn't stressed enough
Term
Explain the difference between Western and Eastern configurations of the Trinity.
Definition
West - Father and Son are equal, and Spirit proceeds from both
East - Father sends Son, then Father Sends Spirit, Son and Spirit are not connected
Term
How does Jurgen Moltmann reformulate the role of the Holy Spirit?
Definition
HS proceeds from the Father, rests on the Son, and from the Son radiates into the world
Term
What are some of the alternative ways in which the Father, Son and Holy Spirit are described.
Definition
Water, Egg
?
Term
Psychological Analogy of Trinity
Definition
My mind exists, and it exists in knowing and loving. There is no mind unless there is knowing and loving, in part he is saying one cannot love anyone without knowing them - Augustine
Term
Social Analogy of Trinity
Definition
God is perfect love, and perfect love needs an object… however, so that the fullness of love might have a place in the true Divinity, it is necessary that there be both one who loves and an equally worthy person who returns love.

However, for this to encompass perfect love, it would fall short if there was not someone with whom to share it - Richard of St. Victor (12th C)
Term
Economic Analogy of Trinity
Definition
The economic Trinity refers to the acts of the triune God with respect to the creation, history, salvation, the formation of the Church, the daily lives of believers, etc. and describes how the Trinity operates within history in terms of the roles or functions performed by each Person of the Trinity—God's relationship with creation. The ontological (or essential or immanent) Trinity speaks of the interior life of the Trinity—the reciprocal relationships of Father, Son, and Spirit to each other without reference to God's relationship with creation.
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