Term
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Definition
Gather sensory input via sensory receptors
Through integration, processing and interpreting sensory input and decide what action to take
Producing a response or motor output, activating effector organs |
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Term
| Central Nervous System (CNS) |
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Definition
Integrative and control centers of body
Composed of the brain and spinal cord |
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Term
| Peripheral Nervous System (PNS) |
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Definition
Communication lines b/t CNA and rest of body
Composed of all nervous structures outside of brain and spinal cord, such as cranial nerves, spinal nerves, ganglia (groups on neuron cell bodies not in CNS), and plexuses |
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Term
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Definition
Found in PNS
Intermingling of neuron cell process from ventral rami of different cord levels
No synapses, nerves arranging themselves to form new nerves (eliminates paralysis from damage of nerve) |
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Term
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Definition
| Collection of nerve axons found in the PNS |
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Term
| Types of Cells in Nervous Tissue |
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Definition
Neuroglia, Glia, or Supporting Cells (much smaller, support neurons)
Neruons (functional cells, excitable cells) |
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Term
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Definition
Biosynthetic center of neuron, contains nucleus, mitochondria, ribosomes, rough ER, and other organelles
If damaged, entire neuron can die |
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Term
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Definition
Neuron Process
Main receptive/input region of neuron
Single neuron can have multiple dendrites
Stimulated by environmental changes
Other neurons can synapse here |
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Term
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Definition
Neuron Process
Conducting region of neuron, generates action potentials (nerve impulses) and transmit them
One axon per neuron |
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Term
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Definition
Unipolar (1 process, no dendrites)
Bipolar (2 processes, many don't generate action potential)
Multipolar (3+ processes) |
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Term
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Definition
Sensory/Afferent Neurons (toward CNS)
Motor/Efferent Neurons (away from CNS)
Interneurons/Association Neurons (between motor and sensory, most common) |
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Term
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Definition
Neuron process (axons/fibers)
Myelin
Connective tissue
Blood vessels
Lymphatic vessels |
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Term
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Definition
| Covers individual nerve fibers/axons with or without myelin sheath |
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Term
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Definition
| Covers multiple axons/fibers to make fascicles |
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Term
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Definition
| Covers multiple fascicles/entire nerve |
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Term
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Definition
31 pairs, formed from the union of a dorsal root (afferent) and a ventral root (efferent); mixed nerve
Innervation of trunk, upper limbs, and lower limbs
Split into dorsal and ventral rami |
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Term
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Definition
Originate at brain, 12 pairs
Innervation of head and neck |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
C5-T1
Innervate upper limb |
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Term
| Intercostal/Subcostal Nerves |
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Definition
T1-T12
Wrap around trunk
Innervate lateral and anterior portion of trunk |
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Term
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Definition
T12-L4
Innervate lower limb |
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Term
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Definition
L4-S4
Innervate lower limb |
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Term
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Definition
Astrocytes (CNS)
Microglial cells
Epondymal cells
Oligodendrocyte
Schwann cells (PNS)
Satellite cells |
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Term
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Definition
| Produce myelin sheaths in CNS |
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Term
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Definition
| Produce myelin sheaths in PNS |
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Term
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Definition
Parts of plasma membrane that wrap around axon
Speed up rate of transmission of action potentials |
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Term
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Definition
| When signal is received, released neurotransmitter onto other neuron or effector cell |
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Term
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Definition
3+ neural processes
1 axon, many dendrites
Can be efferent or interneuron |
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Term
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Definition
2 neural processes
1 axon, 1 dendrite(may go off and split many times)
Most rare
Sensory, part of special sense organs |
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Term
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Definition
1 neural process
Single process attached to body that branches into axon and dendrites
Sensory neurons, general information |
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Term
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Definition
Mixed nerves, 31
Flip toward back, innervate three inch strip along back called intervertebral processes
Info into CNS, also away from CNS to 3 inch strip |
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Term
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Definition
Larger, thicker, 31
Mixed nerve
Info away from CNS |
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