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Introduction to Horticulture
Test #4
62
Plant Sciences
Not Applicable
12/01/2022

Additional Plant Sciences Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
What are 4 design choices that can lead to less maintenance?
Definition
Simplicity, reduced size, mass planting, and planting trees/shrubs
Term
What 2 things make plant low maintenance?
Definition
Moderate growth rate and few pest problems
Term
What 3 maintenance practices can lead to low maintenance plants?
Definition
Catching problems early, fertilize in moderation, and prune at appropriate times
Term
What 5 things could be done to improve the Garden of Hopes and Dreams?
Definition
Take out roses, mulch around raised beds to reduce string trimming, remove tires, add irrigation, and using clover instead of turf
Term
What potentially invasive tree outcompetes Sugar Maples?
Definition
Norway Maple
Term
How are exotic honeysuckles different from native ones?
Definition
They're more dense and greener
Term
How are Oriental and American Bittersweet different?
Definition
Oriental is denser and larger
Term
What invasive has glossy leaves, subopposite leaves, dogwood-like, but turn yellow?
Definition
Buckthorn
Term
How are Multiflora and Wild Roses different?
Definition
Multiflora form dense thickets
Term
T/F Most introduced species become invasive?
Definition
False
Term
What winter interest category are dogwood, viburnum, and holly in?
Definition
Berries
Term
What winter interest category are red twig dogwood and willows in?
Definition
Colorful twigs
Term
What winter interest category are ninebark, birch, 7 sons flower, paperbark maple, aspen, and sycamore in?
Definition
Exfoliating bark
Term
What winter interest category are witch hazel and 7 sons flower in?
Definition
Later flowering
Term
What winter interest category are redbud, hellebores, bulbs, and vernal witch hazel in?
Definition
Early flowering
Term
What 2 plant types can add winter interest?
Definition
Evergreens and grasses
Term
What chemically suppresses growth and survival of other species?
Definition
Allelopathy
Term
Native or Invasive: Which plants tend to have most of their biomass above the ground?
Definition
Invasive
Term
What are 3 negatives to birds eating invasive species?
Definition
Reduced nutrition, increased predation, and altered feather coloration
Term
Why is the fall the best time to kill invasives?
Definition
They're easy to spot and are conserving energy for winter, which makes herbicides work better
Term
What are native plants that are critical to the food web and are necessary for many wildlife species to complete their life cycle?
Definition
Keystone species
Term
What are the 2 types of keystone plants?
Definition
Host plants that feed young caterpillars of about 90% of butterflies and moths (lepidoptera) and plants that feed specialized bees
Term
What are the top genus for keystone species?
Definition
Quercus
Term
What is formal balance that depends on mirror images?
Definition
Symmetrical
Term
What is an even use of elements throughout a yard?
Definition
Balanced
Term
What are 2 common landscaping techniques?
Definition
Framing the house and defining borders
Term
What is a benefit of sod over seed?
Definition
Can install any time in the growing season
Term
What are 2 benefits of seed over sod?
Definition
Cheaper and more variety
Term
When is the best time to seed a lawn?
Definition
Late summer/fall
Term
What season would you need to seed more heavily?
Definition
Spring
Term
What type of cool season grass is deep green, repairs well because of rhizomes?
Definition
Kentucky Bluegrass
Term
What type of cool season grass can take up to 3 weeks to germinate and is high maintenance and needs a lot of fertilizer?
Definition
Kentucky Bluegrass
Term
What type of cool season grass is best for shade is low maintenance, but can't tolerate foot traffic?
Definition
Fine Fescue
Term
What type of cool season grass has cultivars that looks similar to KBG, but more drought-tolerant, and can stand alone in lots of sun/shade conditions?
Definition
Tall Fescue
Term
What type of cool season grass has cultivars that looks similar to KBG, but more drought-tolerant, and can stand alone in lots of sun/shade conditions?
Definition
Tall Fescue
Term
What type of cool season grass looks like KBG and has a fine blade, no rhizomes, greens up fast, and can be mowed in about 2 weeks?
Definition
Perennial Rye
Term
What type of cool season grass is good for bare patches, stripes well because back of blade is silvery, but doesn't like heat and cold?
Definition
Perennial Rye
Term
What are the 3 reasons that topdressing should be done on sports turf?
Definition
Even playing surface, reduce bulk density/maintain porosity, and dilute organic matter
Term
How do you top dress sports turf?
Definition
With sand slits
Term
What is the length of continuous darkness called?
Definition
Photoperiodism
Term
What is a plant that will only flower if there's an uninterrupted dark period longer than their critical darkness period?
Definition
Short day plants/long night plants
Term
What is a plant that will only flower if the uninterrupted dark period is shorter than their critical darkness period?
Definition
Long day plants/short night plants
Term
What plant hormone is located at the tip of plants and can be pinched off?
Definition
Auxins
Term
What plant hormone causes stem elongation at the growing tip?
Definition
Auxins
Term
What plant hormone can migrate from cell to cell?
Definition
Auxins
Term
What plant hormone is responsible for plants bending towards light and their response to gravity?
Definition
Auxins
Term
What plant hormone inhibits growth of side shoots and encourages root growth in cuttings?
Definition
Auxins
Term
What plant hormone stimulates flowering and initiates germination?
Definition
Gibberellins
Term
What plant hormone causes internodes to stretch in relation to light intensity?
Definition
Gibberellins
Term
What plant hormone is produced in stem and root apical meristems?
Definition
Gibberellins
Term
What plant hormone is responsible for tissue culture and cell division?
Definition
Cytokinins
Term
What plant hormone is responsible for cell differentiation and plant organ formation?
Definition
Cytokinins
Term
What plant hormone forms callus tissue?
Definition
Cytokinins
Term
What plant hormone delays the aging process in plants?
Definition
Cytokinins
Term
What plant hormone pushes out lateral growth and is produced in roots?
Definition
Cytokinins
Term
What plant hormone is the growth inhibiting hormone?
Definition
Abscisic acid
Term
What plant hormone is responsible for seed dormancy?
Definition
Abscisic acid
Term
What plant hormone closes stomata during dry periods?
Definition
Abscisic acid
Term
What plant hormone is a colorless gas and encourages ripening?
Definition
Ethylene
Term
What plant hormone thickens stems and breaks down chlorophyll?
Definition
Ethylene
Term
What plant hormone keeps plants compact and inhibits gibberellins?
Definition
Plant growth regulators
Term
What plant hormone is also known as B-Nine
Definition
Plant growth regulators
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