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downhill; more concentrated to less
will spontaneously run only from greater order to lesser order |
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the capacity to bring about movement against an opposing force
ability to do work |
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energy held in chemical bonds ie; a peach or coal
potential |
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study of energy
bioenergetics; link between bio and thermodynamics
began bc of the steam engine; used heat to perform work |
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| 1st Law of Thermodynamics |
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energy is neither created nor destroyed but only transformed
ie; suns energy is not "used up" by plants it is converted into chemical form |
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| chem bonds are broken ---> energy stored in bonds released as heat ----> heat is random motion of molecules so ---> ordered, concentrated energy in chem bonds to disordered, dispersed energy of heat |
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| 2nd Law of Thermodynamics |
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in yeilding energy, matter goes from a more ordered state to a less ordered state
energy transfer always results in a greater amount of disorder in the universe |
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connected w 2nd law
the measure of the amount of disorder in the universe
greater the entropy the greater the disorder |
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the starting set of molecules (the reactants) contain more energy then the final set of molecules (the products)
ie starches breaking down into sugars |
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product contains more energy then the reactant
ie glucose to glycogen |
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| a chem reaction in which an exergonic reaction powers an endergonic reaction |
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