Term
Who were Isabelle and Genie? |
|
Definition
Socially isolated children. People need to be loved. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
A distinct identity that sets us apart. |
|
|
Term
What is looking glass self? |
|
Definition
Cooley... The self is a product of our social interactions. |
|
|
Term
Who made the stages of the self? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
What is the preparatory stage of self? |
|
Definition
Imitate those around you. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Gestures, objects, & words that are communication. |
|
|
Term
What is the play stage of self? |
|
Definition
Develop skills in communication, role taking. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Mentally assuming the perspective of another and responding from that imagined viewpoint. |
|
|
Term
What is the game stage of self? |
|
Definition
When people start to consider others. |
|
|
Term
What is a generalized other? |
|
Definition
Attitudes, views, & expectations of society as a whole that a child takes into account. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Unable to think past themself. |
|
|
Term
Describe Mead's theory of self? |
|
Definition
Self begins at a privileged, central position in a persons world. |
|
|
Term
What are significant others? |
|
Definition
Individuals who are most important in development of the self. |
|
|
Term
Describe Goffman's Theory of Self? |
|
Definition
One is like an actor trying to keep up an image. |
|
|
Term
What is impression management? |
|
Definition
Altering of the presentation of the self. |
|
|
Term
What is the dramaturgical approach? |
|
Definition
People resemble performers in action. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Initiating in face saving behavior when feeling embarrassed or rejected. |
|
|
Term
Who created the stages of development? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
What are the four stages of development? (Cognitive theory of development) |
|
Definition
Sensorimotor, preoperational, concrete operational, formal operational. |
|
|
Term
What are rites of passage? |
|
Definition
Major changes in a persons status. |
|
|
Term
What is the life course approach? |
|
Definition
Close look at social factors that influence people throughout their life. |
|
|
Term
What is anticipatory socialization? |
|
Definition
A person rehearses for future positions, occupations & social relationships. Helps society run smoother if norms are pre learned |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Discarding former behavior patterns & accepting new ones in a transitional period. |
|
|
Term
What is a total institution? |
|
Definition
Institution that regulates all aspects of a person's life under a single authority. Like military or prison. |
|
|
Term
What is a degredation ceremony? |
|
Definition
Usually within a total institution. Lose most possessions and self identity. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Expectations regarding specific genders. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Socially defined positions within society. From lowest to highest. |
|
|
Term
What is an ascribed status? |
|
Definition
Assigned by society without regard for that persons unique talents or characteristics. |
|
|
Term
What is social structure? |
|
Definition
Individuals & their role among groups. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Set of expectations for people in a given social position or status. |
|
|
Term
What is an acheived status? |
|
Definition
Gained through one's own efforts. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Incompatible expectations arise from 2 or more social positions held by the same person. Like a male nurse. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Social position imposes conflicting demands & expectations. Like minorities in mainstream culture. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Losing a status to gain a better one, but losing identity. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
# of people with similar norms, values & expectations. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Generally small. Long period of interaction. Intimate. Emotional depth. Friendly. |
|
|
Term
What is a secondary group? |
|
Definition
Large. Short duration. No intimacy. Superficial. Formal. |
|
|
Term
What's an in group? What's an out group? |
|
Definition
In = Feeling of belonging. Out = No feelings, like high school cliques. |
|
|
Term
What is a reference group? |
|
Definition
Use a standard for evaluating themselves and others set attitudes & trends. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Alliance geared toward a common goal. |
|
|
Term
What are social networks? |
|
Definition
Likes a person directly to others. |
|
|
Term
What is a social institution? |
|
Definition
Organized patterns of belief & behavior centered on basic social needs such as replacing personnel & preserving order. (ex. religion) |
|
|
Term
What would a conflict theorist say about social institutions? |
|
Definition
Organized to meet basic needs. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Came up with mechanical & organic solidarity. |
|
|
Term
What is mechanic solidarity? |
|
Definition
Collective consciousness. |
|
|
Term
what is organic solidarity? |
|
Definition
Consciousness rests on the need society members have for eachother. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Rural. Small community where people have similar backgrounds & life experiences. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Ideal community that is characteristic of modern urban life. Most people are strangers. |
|
|
Term
What is sociocultural evolution? |
|
Definition
Long term trends in societies resulting from the interplay of continuity. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Cultural information about the ways in which the material resources of environment can be used to satisfy needs & desires. |
|
|
Term
What is a hunter gather society? |
|
Definition
Get the fish. Get the berries. Yumm. |
|
|
Term
What is horticultural society? |
|
Definition
Plant seeds & crops. More work than hunter gatherers. |
|
|
Term
What does an industrial society depend on? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
What is an agrarian society? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
What is a postindustrial society? |
|
Definition
Processing & control of information. |
|
|
Term
What is postmodern society? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
What is formal organization? |
|
Definition
Group designed for a specific purpose structured for maximum efficacy. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
In formal organizations uses rules and hierarchal ranking to achieve efficacy, Division of labor. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Estrangement from society. |
|
|
Term
What does trained in capacity mean? |
|
Definition
Workers are so trained in one area they have blind spots in other areas. |
|
|
Term
What are characteristics of a bureacracy? |
|
Definition
Labor divided, authority, rules, impersonal, qualifications. |
|
|
Term
What is bureacratization? |
|
Definition
The process a group takes to become more bureaucratic. |
|
|
Term
What is the law of oligarchy? |
|
Definition
Even a democracy will eventually be a bureacracy ruled by a few (oligarchy) |
|
|
Term
What is the scientific management approach? |
|
Definition
Workers are entirely motivated by economy. |
|
|
Term
What is the human relations approach? |
|
Definition
Role of people, communication & participation in bureacracy. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Who did the study with monkeys and comfort? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
In which of Mead's stages of the self do children merely imitate the people around them? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
What are some examples of rites of passage? |
|
Definition
School graduation, marriage, retirement. |
|
|
Term
In whose theory of sociocultural evolution, is a societies level of technology critical to the way it is organized? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Which sociologist first directed researchers to the significance of bureaucratic structure? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Describe the bureaucratic characteristic of division of labor? |
|
Definition
The president need not be a good typist, a surgeon need not be able to fill a cavity. |
|
|
Term
One finding from the study of adolescent sexual networks is...? |
|
Definition
Most respondents had been sexually active sometime during the past eighteen months. |
|
|
Term
Which sociological perspective has identified five major tasks that a society must accomplish if it is to survive? |
|
Definition
The functionalist perspective. |
|
|
Term
What happened in Zimbardo's mock prison experiment at Stanford? |
|
Definition
The social structure of the prison influenced social interactions between the prisoners and the guards. |
|
|
Term
Which sociologist saw that the "definition of the situation" could mold thinking and personality of the individual? |
|
Definition
|
|