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Introduction to Fluid Power
Chapter 1 of process control
21
Other
Undergraduate 2
04/02/2012

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Term
Fluid Power
Definition
A system that consists of a prime mover turning a pump to pressurize a fluid, which is transmitted through lines to an actuator that performs work.
Term
Hydraulic System
Definition
accurate, operate at high pressure, are slow, and have strong components.
Term
Pneumatic System
Definition
non-accurate, can't operate at high pressure, fast, lighter components.
Term
Actuator
Definition
A component used to convert the energy in hydraulic fluid or compressed air into mechanical linear or rotary motion.
Term
Component Group
Definition
A group of commonly designed hydraulic or pneumatic components offered in a full range of sizes with appropriate accessories.
Term
Compressor
Definition
The pneumatic system device that converts the energy input of the system prime mover into high-pressure compressed air.
Term
Conductor
Definition
The element used in fluid power systems to allow the movement of hydraulic fluid or compressed air from component to component. Hose, pipe, and tubing are the most common fluid power conductors.
Term
Control Valve
Definition
Any valve designed to control fluid pressure, flow rate, or actuator direction in a fluid power system.
Term
Cylinder
Definition
The common term for linear actuators used to generate movement and force in fluid power systems.
Term
Directional control valve
Definition
Hydraulic and pneumatic control valves that direct fluid flow to start, control direction of movement, and stop system actuators.
Term
Filter
Definition
A fluid power component that is used to remove solid contaminants from both air and liquid. The term is often used to designate the complete, component including the filter element, case, and mounting hardware.
Term
Flow Control Valve
Definition
A component designed to provide control of the rate of flow of air or liquid in hydraulic and pneumatic systems.
Term
Hose
Definition
A flexible conductor for carrying hydraulic fluid or compressed air to actuators.
Term
Lubricator
Definition
A device designed to apply a lubricant to a bearing surface. In pneumatic systems, the lubricator is a component of the FRL unit located at the workstation.
Term
Pressure control valves
Definition
Control valves in a fluid power circuit designed to protect the system from damage from excessive pressure, provide motion control, and protect operators from unexpected actuator movement.
Term
Pressure regulator
Definition
A pneumatic system component used to control air pressure at the system workstations. The valve maintains a constant, reduced pressure for use by tools and equipment operated at the station.
Term
Prime mover
Definition
The source of energy for any fluid power system. Commonly used prime movers are electric motors and internal combustion engines.
Term
Pump
Definition
A hydraulic component turned by the prime mover that produces fluid flow, which transmits energy through the systems.
Term
Receiver
Definition
A tank in a pneumatic system, located close to the compressor, that stores and assists in conditioning compressed air.
Term
Reservoir
Definition
A component in a hydraulic system that holds the system fluid not currently in use in the pump control components, actuators, and lines.
Term
Separator
Definition
A component, located in the compressor station area of a pneumatic system, that is designed to remove condensed water from the compressed air. The unit is often teamed with an after cooler to optimize moisture removal.
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