Term
| how is sensitivity defined? |
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Definition
true positives
true positives + false negatives |
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Term
| how is specificity defined? |
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Definition
true negatives
true negatives + false positives
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Term
| how do you define incidence rate? |
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Definition
The number of people who have the disease over the number of people at risk for the disease. Therefore, lung cancer amoung heavy smokers.
Differnent from prevalence bc prevalence would be among the population or a defined goup. |
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Term
calculate variance
calculate std. dev. |
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Definition
(sigma)(x-mean)^2
(n-1)
square root of variance |
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Term
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Definition
| a numberical propert of a population (i.e. population mean, population proportion) |
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Term
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Definition
| a quantity obtained from a sample corresponding to a parameter (i.e. sample mean and sample proportion) |
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Term
| what are the properties and assumptions of a good sample size in reference to a confidence interval? |
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Definition
the sample size needs to be large >30 ppl
the sample data is normally distributed |
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Term
| what is the confidence interval eq. for continuous data? |
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Definition
mean - 1.96(sd/sq(n)) < u < mean + 1.96(sd/sq(n))
the range should not include zero because this would suggest that there is no change and the data is not informative |
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Term
what is the confidence interval eq. for categorical data?
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Definition
prevalence - 1.96*sq(p(1-p)/n) < u < prevalence + 1.96*sq(p(1-p)/n)
used for things like the PMS amoung nurses and factory workers. use the number of nurses with PMS over the number of nurses as your prevalance
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Term
what is the confidence interval eq. for odds ratio?
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Definition
two parts
to calculate confidence interval of the LOG of OR:
Ln(OR) - 1.96sq(1/a+1/b+1/c+1/d)
Ln(OR) + 1.96sq(1/a+1/b+1/c+1/d)
to calculate confidence interval of OR
Exp(Ln(OR) - 1.96sq(1/a+1/b+1/c+1/d))
Exp(Ln(OR) + 1.96sq(1/a+1/b+1/c+1/d)) |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| how to determine carrier status? |
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Definition
| individual harbors the organism, but shows no seriological evidence or Ab response, but can still infect others |
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Term
| endemic, epidemic, pandemic |
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Definition
habitually present but under control
a spike in incidence outside of normal environment
worldwide |
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Term
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Definition
large portion of group is immune
the pathogen has to be transfered directly between hosts and cannot live outside the body (in water for instance)
the liklihood that a carrier will come into contact with someone who is susceptible is low |
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Term
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Definition
number of people developing disease
number of people who were at risk |
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Term
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Definition
number of NEW cases in fixed amount of time
number of at risk persons in fixed amount of time |
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Term
| can men get uterine cancer? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
number of cases of a disease
number of people in defined population
prevalance can be point prevalance, period prevalance, or cumulative prevalance
prevalance can be lowered by deaths by the disease or by a curing of the disease
it is not a measure of risk |
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Term
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Definition
number of death from a cause
number of people at risk at the midpoint of time |
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