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Intro
Theories of Personality
17
Psychology
Undergraduate 3
09/25/2012
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Term
A priori predictions
 Definition
predications made BEFORE the collection of data
Term
Operational Definitions
 Definition
concepts in the hypotheses are defined in a more abstract manner
Term
Experimental method
 Definition
technique used for studying cause and effect relationships between variables; involves manipulation of the IV and observation of these effects on the DV
Term
independent variable
 Definition
variables being manipulated
Term
dependent variable
 Definition
variables being measured
Term
control group
 Definition
group that does not receive the experimental treatment; provides baseline data
Term
experimental group
 Definition
group of study participants who experience the intentional alteration of facts in an experiment
Term
correlational method
 Definition
assesses the extent to which two different variables relate to one another
Term
positive correlation
 Definition
increases in one variable are associated with increases in another variable
Term
negative correlation
 Definition
increases in one variable are associated with decreases in another variable
Term
case study method
 Definition
in-depth investigation of a single individual
Term
post hoc explanation
 Definition
explanation of a phenomenon gives AFTER its occurrence
Term
debriefing
 Definition
informing study participants of the true nature and purpose of a study after completion
Term
Personality
 Definition
Dynamic and organized set of characteristics possessed by an individual that uniquely influences his or her cognitions, motivations, and behavior in various situations.
Term
Theory
 Definition
Set of interrelated statements proposed to explain certain observations of reality.
Term
Inductive theory
 Definition
Bottom up: Data -> Theory
Term
Deductive theory
 Definition
Top down: Theory -> Data
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