Term
| What type of decisions concerning how the organization should achieve the goals and objectives set by its strategy, and they are usually the responsibility of mid-level management? |
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Definition
| Managerial decisions concern how the organization should achieve the goals and objectives set by its strategy, and they are usually the responsibility of mid-level management. |
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Term
| What are computerized advisory programs that imitate the reasoning processes of experts in solving difficult problems? |
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Definition
| Expert systems are computerized advisory programs that imitate the reasoning processes of experts in solving difficult problems. Typically they include a knowledge base containing various accumulated experience and a set of rules for applying the knowledge base to each particular situation. |
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Term
| What type of agent is a special-purpose knowledge-based information system that accomplishes specific tasks on behalf of its users? |
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Definition
| An intelligent agent is a special-purpose, knowledge-based information system that accomplishes specific tasks on behalf of its users. Intelligent agents usually have a graphical representation, such as "Sherlock Holmes" for an information search agent. |
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Term
| What uses technology allowing humans to interact with a computer through bodily sensations and movements - for example, a cell phone vibrating in your pocket? |
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Definition
| A haptic interface uses technology allowing humans to interact with a computer through bodily sensations and movements-- for example, a cell phone vibrating in your pocket. A haptic interface is primarily implemented and applied in virtual reality environments and is used in virtual workplaces to enable employees to shake hands, demonstrate products, and collaborate on projects. |
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Term
| Which MIS metrics measure the impact MIS has on business processes and activities, including customer satisfaction and customer conversion rates? |
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Definition
| Effectiveness MIS metrics measure the impact MIS has on business processes and activities, including customer satisfaction and customer conversion rates. |
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Term
| What documents are the original transaction record? |
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Definition
| Source documents are the original transaction record. Source documents for a payroll system can include timesheets, wage rates, and employee benefits reports. |
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Term
| Which information system is a specialized DSS that supports senior-level executives and unstructured, long-term, nonroutine decisions requiring judgment, evaluation, and insight? |
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Definition
| An executive information system (EIS) is a specialized DSS that supports senior-level executives and unstructured, long-term, nonroutine decisions requiring judgment, evaluation, and insight. These decisions do not have a right or wrong answer, only efficient and effective answers. |
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Term
| What refers to a set of instructions that completes a task? |
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Definition
| Algorithm refers to a set of instructions that completes a task. In artificial intelligence, an algorithm tells the machine how to figure out answers to different issues or questions. |
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Term
| What is a temporary activity a company undertakes to create a unique product, service, or result? |
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Definition
| A project is a temporary activity a company undertakes to create a unique product, service, or result. For example, the construction of a new subway station is a project, as is a movie theater chain's adoption of a software program to allow online ticketing. |
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Term
| What are measurements that evaluate results to determine whether a project is meeting its goals? |
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Definition
| Metrics are measurements that evaluate results to determine whether a project is meeting its goals. Two core metrics are critical success factors and key performance indicators. |
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Term
| What is the proportion of the market that a firm captures? |
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Definition
| A KPI market share, or the proportion of the market that a firm captures. We calculate it by dividing the firm's sales by the total market sales for the entire industry. |
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Term
| What are the most successful solutions or problem-solving methods that have been developed by a specific organization or industry? |
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Definition
| Best practices are the most successful solutions or problem-solving methods that have been developed by a specific organization or industry. Measuring MIS projects helps determine the best practices for an industry. |
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Term
| What are the baseline values the system seeks to attain? |
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Definition
| Regardless of what process is measured, how it is measured, and whether it is performed for the sake of efficiency or effectiveness, managers must set benchmarks or baseline values the system seeks to attain. Benchmarking is a process of continuously measuring system results, comparing those results to optimal system performance (benchmark values), and identifying steps and procedures to improve system performance. |
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Term
| What is the manipulation o information to create business intelligence in support of strategic decision making? |
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Definition
| Online analytical processing (OLAP) is the manipulation of information to create business intelligence in support of strategic decision making. |
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Term
| What is the representation of information in a graphic format designed to make the data easily understandable at a glance? |
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Definition
| An infographic (information graphic) is a representation of information in a graphic format designed to make the data easily understandable at a glance. |
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Term
| What tracks KPIs and CSFs by compiling information from multiple sources and tailoring it to meet user needs? |
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Definition
| A common tool that supports visualization is a digital dashboard, which tracks KPIs and CSFs by compiling information from multiple sources and tailoring it to meet user needs. |
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Term
| What are various commercial applications of artificial intelligence? |
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Definition
| Intelligent systems are various commercial applications of artificial intelligence. They include sensors, software, and devices that emulate and enhance human capabilities, learn or understand from experience, make sense of ambiguous or contradictory information, and even use reasoning to solve problems and make decisions effectively. |
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Term
| Case-based is a method whereby new problems are solved based on the solutions from similar cases solved in the past. |
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Definition
| Case-based reasoning is a method whereby new problems are solved based on the solutions from similar cases solved in the past. An auto mechanic who fixes an engine by recalling another car that exhibited similar symptoms is using case-based reasoning. |
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Term
| What is the ability of a computer to "see" by digitizing an image, processing the data it contains, and taking some kind of action? |
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Definition
| Machine vision is the ability of a computer to "see" by digitizing an image, processing the data it contains, and taking some kind of action. A machine-vision system uses a video camera to capture data and send it to the robot controller. |
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Term
| network is a category of Al that attempts to emulate the way the human brain works. |
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Definition
| A neural network, also called artificial neural network, is a category of AI that attempts to emulate the way the human brain works. Neural networks analyze large quantities of information to establish patterns and characteristics when the logic or rules are unknown. |
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Term
| What is a mathematical method of handling imprecise or subjective information? |
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Definition
| Fuzzy logic is a mathematical of handling imprecise or subjective information. |
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Term
| learning is a process that employs specialized algorithms to model and study complex datasets; the method is also used to establish relationships among data and datasets. |
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Definition
| Deep learning is a process that employs specialized algorithms to model and study complex datasets; the method is also used to establish relationships among data and datasets. |
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Term
| algorithm is an artificial intelligence system that mimics the evolutionary, survival-of-the-fittest process to generate increasingly better solutions to a problem. |
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Definition
| A genetic algorithm is an artificial intelligence system that mimics the evolutionary, survival-of-the-fittest process to generate increasingly better solutions to a problem. A genetic algorithm is essentially an optimizing system: It finds the combination of in |
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