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Intro To Biology
A guide to the Natural World
19
Biology
Undergraduate 2
09/27/2012

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Term
Engergy
Definition
The capacity to bring about movement against an opposing force.
Term
Potential Energy
Definition
Stored Engergy
Term
Kinetic Energy
Definition
Energy in motion
Term
First Law of Thermodynamics
Definition
Energy is neer created or destroyed but is only transformed.
Term
Second Law of Thermodynamics
Definition
Energy transfer always results in a greater amount of disorder in the universe.
Term
Exergonic Reactions
Definition
Reactions in which the starting set of molecules (the reactants) contains more energy than the final set of molecules (the product).
Term
Endergonic Reactions
Definition
Reactions in which the products contain more energy than the reactants.
Term
Coupled Reaction
Definition
A chemical reaction in which an exergonic reaction powers an endergonic reaction.
Term
ATP
Definition
The most important energy transfer molecule in living things. Adenosine Triphosphate
Term
Enzyme
Definition
A type of protein that accelerates a chemical reaction.
Term
Substrate
Definition
The substance that is worked on by an enzyme is known as its substrate.
Term
Metabolic Pathway
Definition
Set on enzymatically controlled steps that results in the completion of a pprodut or process in an organism.
Term
Metabolism
Definition
The sum of all the chemical reactions that a cell or larger organism carries.
Term
Activation Engergy
Definition
Energy required to initiate a chemical reaction.
Term
Catalysts
Definition
Sustances that retain their original chemical composition while bringing about a change in a substrate.
Term
Active Site
Definition
The portion of an enzyme that binds with a substrate, thus helping to transform it.
Term
Coenzzymes
Definition
Molecules other than amino acids that facilitate the work of enzymes by binding with them.
Term
Competitive Inhibition
Definition
A reduction in the activity of an enzyme by means of a compound other than the enzyme's usual substrate binding with it in its active site
Term
Allosteric Regulation
Definition
The regulation of an enzyme's activity by means of a molecule binding to a site on the enzyme other than its active site.
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