1. Too much IV fluid for normotensive pt's is bad
2. Insufficient amount of Tex allowed excess extremity hemorrhaging
3. Unnecessary CSpine lead to unnecessary exposure of providers

1. Extremity Hemorrhage (9%)
2. Tension Pneumothorax (3-4%)
3. Airway Obstruction (2%)

1. Extremities (60%)
2. Head and Neck (25%)
3. Torso (9%)

Penetrating Trauma

Civilian sector has primarily blunt trauma

1. Motor Vehicle Crashes
2. Falls from >15'
3. IED Blast involving an MRAP vehicle
• MRAP riders in an IED blast sustain a high % of spinal fx

1. Caused by the blast overpressure from an explosion.
• Degree of injury related to proximity tblaster
2. B
3. Blast more effective in an enclosed area
4. Damage to hollow organs
• Lungs, colon, stomach, ear drum

The Tactical Leader

Always in command.  Medic provides recommendations only.

40 hr course for nonmedical personnel

1. Insert NPA
2. Perform NCD
3. Hemostatic Agents
4. Airway, rescue breathing, and hemorrhage control

All soldiers carry an IFAK

1. CAT
2. 2 pr Exam Gloves
3. NPA
4. Compressed roller gauze
5. Emergency bandage
6. 2 in medical tape
7. TC3 Card
8. 14 g 3.25 IV Cath
9. Combat Gauze
10. Other according to SOP

Warrior Aid and Litter Kit

• Carried on ground vehicles
• Includes first aid supplies and Talon Litter

1. IV Fluids 
2. Analgesics
3. Antibiotics

1. Burn Casualties, unless penetrating trauma is present
• May kill normal bacteria found on the skin and cause a greater infection later
2. When pt can reach surgery within 3 hrs

1. IBA
2. Deltoid and Axillary Protection System
3. Small Arms Protective Inserts - SAPI Plates
4. ACH
5. Gloves
6. Army Combat Shirt
7. Eye Pro
8. Combat Earplugs

1. Complete the Mission
2. Prevent Additional Casualties
3. Treat the Casualty

1. Care Under Fire
2. Tactical Field Care
3. Tactical Evacuation Care