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Three Parts of Discrepancy Model |
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Aptitude Achievement, intracognitive, and intra-achievement |
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Most frequent communication disorders in pre-school and school age children |
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IQ tests, achievement tests, compares 2 norm-referenced test scores |
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Most significant academic challenge facing children with learning disabilities |
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Who established the term learning disabilities |
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affects the planning of speech |
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Three types of discrepancies that evaluators use when comparing IQ and achievement scores |
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Definition
aptitude-achievement, intra-cognitive, and intra-achievement |
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Criticisms of Discrepancy Model |
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Definition
biased with students from diverse racial/ethnic backgrounds, cannot be reliably accessed till age 9, not useful for planning effective instruction, states have different criteria |
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capacity to use sound system of language to process oral and written language |
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Expressive language disorder |
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difficulty formulating ideas and info |
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difficulty producing sounds |
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Receptive language disorder |
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difficulty receiving or using info |
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difficulty receiving, understanding, and formulating ideas and info |
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Roles of a speech pathologist |
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direct services with children, indirect services to implement students' education programs, acting as members of the community of educators |
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Environmental causes of learning disabilities |
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exposure to teratogens significant relationship between home literacy environment and reading outcomes |
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What is executive functioning/meta-cognition |
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focusing attention, being organized, engaging in future planning and solving problems |
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language variation that a group of individuals use that reflect shared cultural factors |
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oral expression of language(producing sounds or syllables) |
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pitch, duration, intensity, and resonance |
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problem solving approach that involves multiple tiers of increasingly intense research based interventions match to students' needs |
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Types of math difficulties |
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procedural problems, semantic memory problems, and visual-spatial problems |
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production of individual or sequenced sounds |
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What is a reading disorder |
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reading difficulties associated with decoding words, comprehending text, and having appropriate speed and fluency |
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Ways to involve student in educational planning |
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self-directed IEP, self-advocacy, self-determined learning model of instruction |
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some view it as experimental because of its technical adequacy |
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structured, shared, rule-governed, symbolic system for communicating |
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the flow(rate/rhythm) of speaking |
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use of communication context |
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Two questions that should be asked when planning universal design of learning |
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ways teacher can vary how they communicate and ways the student can demonstrate their knowledge |
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word and sentence meanings(vocabulary) |
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word order and sentence structure |
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