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Intro to Science: Chapter 5
Sections 5.1 & 5.2 vocab
13
Science
9th Grade
01/19/2008

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Term
reactant
Definition
a substance that undergoes a chemical change
Term
product
Definition
a substance that is the result of a chemical change
Term
chemical energy
Definition
the energy stored within atoms and molecules that can be released when a substance reacts
Term
exothermic reaction
Definition
a reaction that transfers energy from the reactants to the surroundings at heat (energy is released)
Term
endothermin reaction
Definition
a reaction in which the energy is transferred to the reactants as heat from the surroudings (absorbs energy)
Term
sythesis reaction
Definition
a reaction of at least 2 substances that form a new, more complex compound
Term
decomposition reaction
Definition
a reation in which one compound breaks into at least 2 products
Term
electrolysis
Definition
the decomposition of a compound by an electric current
Term
combustion reaction
Definition
a reaction in which a compound and oxygen burn
Term
single-displacement reaction
Definition
a reaction in which atoms of one element take the place of atoms of another element in a compound
Term

double displacement reaction

Definition
a reaction in which a gas, a solid precipitate, or a comlecular compound is formed from te apparent exchange of ions between 2 compounds
Term
reduction/oxidation (redox) reaction
Definition
a reaction that occurs when electrons are transferred from 1 reactant to another
Term
radicals
Definition
the fragments of molecules that have at least one electron available for bonding
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