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Definition
| set of statements where some of the statements are intended to support another |
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| the claim to be supported |
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| statements offered in support |
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| a declarative sentence that is either true or false |
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| one in which the premises are intended to guarantee the conclusion |
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| one in which the premises are intended to make the conclusion probable, without guaranteeing it. |
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| the study of methods for evaluating whether the premises of an argument guarantee its conclusion |
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| the study of methods for evaluating whether the premises of an argument make its conclusion probable, without guaranteeing it |
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| a deductive argument in which the premises succeed in guaranteeing the conclusion |
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| one in which it is not necessary that, if the premises are true, then the conclusion is true |
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| true premises, true conclusion - Valid |
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Definition
| If harry loved Dumbledore, then Harry was sad when Dumbledore died. Harry loved Dumbledore. So, Harry was sad when Dumbledore died. |
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| true premises, true conclusion - invalid |
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Definition
| Some Americans work in business. Donald Trump is an American. So, Donald Trump works in business. |
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| False premises, false conclusion - valid |
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Definition
| All sharks are birds. All birds are politicians. So, all sharks are politicians. |
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| false premises, false conclusion - invalid |
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Definition
| Every genius is a philosopher. Homestar Runner is a philosopher. so, Homestar Runner is a genius. |
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Term
| false premises, true conclusion - valid |
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Definition
| All dogs are ants. All ants are mammals. So, all dogs are mammals. |
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| false premises, true conclusion - invalid |
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Definition
| Everything colored is red. Stephen Colbert is a mortician. So, Stephen Colbert is hilarious. |
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| true premises, false conclusion - valid |
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| true premises, false conclusion - invalid |
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| All dogs are animals. All cats are animals. Hence, all dogs are cats. |
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Term
| Unknown truth value - valid |
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Definition
| All of the Cappadocians accepted perichoresis. Basil was a Cappadocian. So, Basil accepted perichoresis. |
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| Unknown truth value - invalid |
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Definition
| Some hylidae are heterophoric. Maggie is heterophoric. So, Maggive is a hylidae. |
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Term
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| a valid argument in which all of the premises are true |
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| invalid argument or an argument with at least one false premise |
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| an argument that results from uniformly replacing the variables in that form with statements or terms. |
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