Term
|
Definition
Literally, one who comes afterwards. The leaders of the Muslim community, after Muhammad. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Non-Muslims living under Muslim rule; protected status. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Individual duty, required of each Muslim. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Collective duty, incumbent upon the community as a whole. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
A non-binding legal opinion, rendered by a mufti (person who renders a legal opinion) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Jurisprudence, legal discourse, knowledge |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Jurists; those trained in the discipline of fiqh. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
The application of the law, as opposed to its sources (usul) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
A recounting of authoratative actions or sayings, words and deeds of the prophet as collected by his companions. 2 famous books are Al-Bukhari and Muslim. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Most widespread of the four schools of Sunni law, dominant in Turkey, Eastern Med and South Asia. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Least widespread of the four Sunni schools of law, dominant in Arabian peninsula. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Forbidden; one of the five values of legal action. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
War in the generic sense, not necessarily Jihad. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Consensus, usually of the scholars; the third authoritative source for Islamic Law, after Koran and Sunna. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
The exhaustive effort of a jurist (mujtahid) in investigating and deducing the law in a novel or unprecedented case. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
The leader of prayer or a congregation; a political leader. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
A lawful and legitimate war against non-muslims or, at times, muslims; any legitimate and just struggle. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Tax imposed upon non-muslim subjects living under muslim rule. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
School of law, group of scholars sharing a common outlook on sources and their interpretation. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Disapproved, reprehensible, one of the five legal categories. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
One of the four Sunni schools of law, dominant in North and West Africa. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Allowable, indifferent, one of the five legal categories. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
A jurisconsult, authoritative person who renders a legal opinion (fatwa) in response to a query. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
A jurist who performs ijtihad or is qualified to perform ijtihad. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
A judge in an Islamic legal court. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Reasoning by analogy, In Islamic law, jurists extend legal rulings by deriving the principle from one rule and applying that principle to another, analogous, situation. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
God's revelation to the Prophet Muhammad from the years 610-632 C.E.; the most authoritative document in Islam. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
One of the four Sunni schools of law, dominant in Egypt and Southeast Asia. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Islamic law; the correct path of action as determined by God. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
A Muslim sect that differs from Sunnis in several ways, especially their veneration of the prophet's family, Imami Shi |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
One concerned with the esoteric side of religious belief, a mystic. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
The second authoritative source for Muslims; the correct way of doing things; the Prophet's exemplary action as recorded in hadith. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
The majority sect of Muslims, as opposed to Shi'i. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
One of the 114 chapters of the Qur'an. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Interpretation, usually of the Qur'an. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Religious scholars, literally the people of knowledge. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Muslim community, supercedes all other loyalties. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Theoretical literature concerning authoritative sources, literally roots of jurisprudence. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
When was Muhammad given the command to "Recite!"? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
When did Muhammad perform the hijra? (Emigration from home town of Mecca to Medina) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
When did the unification of Mecca and Medina occur? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
What year did Muhammad die? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
When did the "four rightly guided caliphs" (Rashidun) begin? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
When did Abu Bakr come to power? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
When did Umar come to power? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
When did Uthman come to power? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
son-in-law of Muhammad and fourth caliph |
|
|
Term
When did Ali come to power? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
When did the Muslims invade Egypt? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
When did the capital move to Damascus under Mu'awiya? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
When did the Umayyad empire begin? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
When did the Abbasid revolution begin and end? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
When was Baghdad founded? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-occurs during month of Ramadan -lasts 40 days -fasting from sunup to sundown, no food, water, cigarettes or sex. -Is in the Qur'an -Many social gatherings and feasts at night after sundown. -Shi'i tradition to tell the story of Hussein's (Muhammad's Grandson) death. -Ends with Eid al-Fitr (Eid) feast to celebrate the end of fasting. |
|
|