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Intro to Historic Preservation
Basic Architecture Terms for Our Quiz
58
Architecture
Graduate
09/29/2008

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Term
Acroterium
Definition
base for finial or statuary at apex or lower corner of a pediment
Term
Anthemion
Definition
Stylized honeysuckle design
Term
Casement
Definition
hinged window that opens like a door
Term
Chicago Window
Definition
window containing wide central fixed light flanked by narrower lights with sashes
Term
Corbel
Definition
Projection or one of a series of projections each progressively farther forward OR a block or bracket that supports a cornice, beam or arch.
Term
Cresting
Definition
an openwork along a horizontal edge or ridge
Term
Header
Definition
small end of a brick
Term
Impost
Definition
The top part of a pier or wall which supports an arch
Term
Double Portico
Definition
a projecting two-story porch with columns and a pediment
Term
Entasis
Definition
The slight convex rounding of a column so to combat the concave optical illusion that straight columns project
Term
In Antis
Definition
When columns stand between square piers
Term
Graining
Definition
Faux patterning in paint to look like wood
Term
Garland
Definition
curved hanging festoon of flowers or leaves
Term
Gablet
Definition
small gable, like over a dormer
Term
Gable
Definition
The pointed end of a building formed by a double sloping roof
Term
Frieze
Definition
The middle section of a classical entablature, the most likely place for relief carvings
Term
Fanlight
Definition
Semi-circular or Semi-oval window over a door, usually with radiating muntins.
Term
Facade
Definition
the front external view of a building
Term
Entablature
Definition
the horizontal part running along the front of a building supported on columns
Term
Engaged Column
Definition
a column partially built into a wall
Term
Dormer Window
Definition
an upright window above the roof line
Term
Corinthian
Definition
classical order of Greek architecture characterized by a slim fluted column, bell shaped capitals and acanthus leaves
Term
Cornice
Definition
molding at the edge of a roof, or the uppermost section of an entablature
Term
Course
Definition
horizontal row of bricks or stone
Term
Dentil
Definition
Latin for tooth, small blocks in a row below the cornice, looks a little like teeth
Term
Dogleg Staircase
Definition
two parallel flights of stairs with a half landing connection
Term
Doric Order
Definition
classical order of Greek architecture from the 4th and 5th centuries b.c. with unadorned capitals, trygliphs in the frieze
Term
Clapboard
Definition
long narrow board with one edge thicker than the other, overlapped to cover the walls of a building
Term
Classical
Definition
pertaining to ancient architecture of Greece or Rome
Term
Column
Definition
round vertical support, main contain a base, shaft and capital
Term
Console
Definition
bracket that supports a cornice, door or window head, sculpture, etc, usually scrolled
Term
Composite Order
Definition
The Roman style of architecture based on an amalgamation of Greek styles (volutes and acanthus)
Term
Coupled columns
Definition
columns set in pairs with an obvious gap between other pairs
Term
Capital
Definition
top of a column
Term
Cartouche
Definition
Round, oval or scroll shaped panel, frequently with inscription
Term
Castellated
Definition
having a crenelated parapet or roof
Term
Cast Iron
Definition
Iron, shaped in a mold that cannot be welded.
Term
Chevron
Definition
V shaped decoration, Art Deco
Term
Chimney Pot
Definition
Pipe protruding from chimney that improves draft
Term
Battered
Definition
sloped walls
Term
Bay
Definition
Ranks, units that buildings are broken into, usually based on the number of openings (doors, windows, gaps between columns or piers)
Term
Belt Course
Definition
Narrow horizontal band projecting from exterior walls, usually defining the location of interior floors
Term
Belvedere
Definition
porch turret
Term
Blind Arch
Definition
Arch that contains no opening, usually indented or set against a wall
Term
Bond
Definition
the brick pattern for strength and design (Flemish, English, Running, American)
Term
Brace
Definition
diagonal support
Term
Bracket
Definition
a projecting support used under cornices, eaves etc
Term
Archivolt
Definition
Curvilinear architrave
Term
Arcuated
Definition
buildings structurally dependent on arches
Term
Ashlar
Definition
the stones and masonry of dressed stones
Term
Baluster
Definition
upright supporting a rail
Term
Balustrade
Definition
a system of balusters and top rail (poss. bottom rail)
Term
Bargeboard
Definition
frequently decorative board attached to the projecting edges of a gabled roof
Term
Baroque
Definition
17th century European style characterized by oval spaces, curved surfaces and conspicuous use of decoration sculpture and color
Term
Acanthus
Definition
thistle like plant whose stylized leaves are used for decoration, particularly on Corinthian columns
Term
Anta
Definition
Square pier terminating the end of a wall in Greek temple architecture
Term
Arcade
Definition
row of arches supported on columns or a covered passageway whose sides are open arches
Term
Architrave
Definition
the lowest element in the entablature or the frame around windows, doors and arches
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