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Definition
| the hydrogen bonds that hold substances together. Water has a high suface tension because of the collective strength of its hydrogen bonds. |
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| the clinging of one substance to another |
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| a measure of how difficult it is to stretch or break the surface of a liquid. |
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| the energy of motion. (the faster a molecule moves, the greater its kinetic energy) |
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| a measure of the TOTAL quantity of kinetic energy due to molecular motion in a body of matter. |
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| measures the intensity of heat due to the AVERAGE kinetic energy of the molecules. |
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| What happens when two objects of different temperature are brought together? |
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| heat passes from the warmer to the cooler body until the two are the same temperature. |
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| the amount of heat energy it takes to raise the temperature of 1g of water by 1 degree celsius. CONVERSELY, a calorie is also the amount of heat that 1g of water release when it cools by 1 degree celsius. |
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| defined as the amount of heat that must be absorbed or lost for 1g of that substance to change its temperature by 1 degree celsius. |
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| How is water able to stabilize temperatures? |
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Definition
| becuase of its relatively high specific heat. |
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Definition
1 cal/g/degree C
...specific heat can be thought of as a measure of how well a substance resists changing its temperature when it absorbs or releases heat. |
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| quantity of heat a liquid must absorb for 1g of it to be converted formt liquid to gaseous state. water has a high heat of vap. 580 cal. |
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| a liquid that is a completely homogeneous mixture of two or more substances |
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| the dissolving agent of a soln. |
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| the substance that is dissolved |
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| soln in which water is the solvent. |
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| whether ionic or polar, any substance that has an affinity for water. |
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| substances that are non-ionic and nonpolar mainly seems to repel water; does not have an affinity for water. |
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| the number of moles of solute per liter of solution |
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| substance that increases the hydrogen ion concentration of a solution...(donate H+ to the soln.)..ACIDIC SOLUTION: when the solution has more H+ than OH- |
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| substance that reduces the ydrogen ion concentration of a soln...BASIC SOLN: when there are more OH- than H+ |
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Term
| WEAK and STRONG acids and bases |
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Definition
| REVERSIBLE=weak;DISSOCIATE completely=strong |
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| pH DECLINES as H+ concentration INCREASES...pH of neutral solution=7; pH<7=acidic;pH>7=basic |
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| substances taht minimize changes in the concentrations of H+ and OH- in a solution. |
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| accepts hydrogen ions from solution when in excess and donating hydrogen ions when they have been depleted...(most buffer solns contatin a weak acid and its corresponding base) |
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| refers to rain snow or fog that is more acidic than pH 5.6 |
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