Term
| Oswald Spengler by Chris Pillion |
|
Definition
| Spengler wrote a classic of Western literature titled, "The Decline of the West", which was published in 1918. He described the West at that time period as decadent and ready to fall. This is a foreshadow of the coming crisis of World War Two, when the West descended into chaos. He argued that democracy was driven by money and was easily corruptible. He describes history as going through stages and that the West was in a period of decline. Also, he speaks about how Western Civilization has developed a sense of historical identity and rejected the notion of "ancient-medieval-modern" view of history. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| also known as the night of shattered glass. Nazi governement set forth anti-semitic policies such as a two day boycott of Jewish businesses and the Nuremburg Laws which seperated Jews legally, politically, and socially. This led to the assassination of a third German secretary by a Polish Jew. Kristallnacht was the Nazi's response to this incident. They burned Jewish synagogues and businesses. This also eventually led to more severe policies against Jews. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Leader of the new German government; ended policy of passive resistance and committed Germany to carry out most of the provisions of the Treaty of Versailles while seeking new settlement for reparations |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The political leader of the Italians that founded the movement of fascism. He edited the Avanti (forward) which was the official socialist daily newspaper. When he realized that he was unable to win support from this faction he founded the fascists. He used violence to gain political influence; gained support from the middle and upper classes. Declared himself "Il Duce" (the leader). |
|
|
Term
Where was the birthplace of facism in Europe, how did it happen?
(AC) |
|
Definition
| Facism first arose in Italy by way of the leader Benito Mussolini. He was first an elementary teacher, then a newspaper editor and a socialsit. Finally, he was a member of a political party (League of Combat) from which the word facism is derived. The party was unsuccessful in parlimentary elections but he shifted to the right away from socialism in order to gain the support of industrialists and the propetiered classes. He built a group of armed citizens called the squadristii who created disorder throughout Italy. He knew within such an environment fascists (associated with nationalism) would be successful. Mussolini made a speach where he threatened to march on Rome if they were not given any political power. His bluff was successfull and they were given power, and the current government went on to collapse. |
|
|
Term
| Kellog-Briand Pact Cruhljeezy |
|
Definition
The Kellogg–Briand Pact (also called the Pact of Paris) was a multinational treatyWritten by Tony Le Tigre, that prohibited the use of war as "an instrument of national policy" except in matters of self-defense.[1] It was the result of a determined American effort to avoid involvement in the European alliance system.
In its original form, the Pact of Paris was a renunciation of war between only France and the United States of America. However, Frank B. Kellogg, then U.S. Secretary of State, wanted to retain American freedom of action; he thus responded with a proposal for a multilateral pact against war open for all nations to become signatories.
The Kellogg–Briand Pact is named after its authors: Frank B. Kellogg and French foreign minister Aristide Briand.
Its formal name is General Treaty for the Renunciation of War. It was counted as an attempt to limitation of arms, yet the period it witnessed caused a stronger realist approach in international relations.
After negotiations, it was signed on August 27, 1928 in Paris at the French Foreign Ministry by the representatives from: Australia, Belgium, Canada, Czechoslovakia, France, Germany, India, the Irish Free State, Italy, Japan, New Zealand, Poland, South Africa, the United Kingdom and the United States. |
|
|
Term
Fascism in Italy and Germany
(AB) |
|
Definition
-intense form of nationalism
-professed belief in the virtues of struggle and youth
-a fantical obedience to a charismatic leader
-an expressed hatred of socialism and liberalism |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| System of lending money. America would lend money to Germany. Germany would use that money to pay of war reparations to France. France would pay us. Think Trianguolar Logic |
|
|
