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Represent specific verbal meanings |
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Accent or illustrate verbal messages |
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Control the exchange of conversational turns during interpersonal encounters |
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Touching gestures that serve a psychological or physical purpose |
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Functional-professional touch |
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Used to accomplish some sort of task.
Ex. Touch between physicians and patients |
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Derives from social norms and expectations.
Ex. The handsake |
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Used to express liking for another person.
Ex. Gently grasping a friend's arm and giving it a squeeze |
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Lets you convey deep emotional feelings.
Ex. Cupping a romantic partner's face in your hands |
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Intended to physically stimulate another person |
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Nonverbal communication codes |
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The different means for transmitting information nonverbally
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Visible body movements, including facial expressions, eye contact, gesture, and body postures |
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Vocal characteristics such as loudness, pitch, speech rate, and tone |
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Duration, placement, and strength of touch |
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Organization of use of time |
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Appearance of hair, clothing, body type, and other physical features |
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Personal possessions displayed to others |
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Structure of physical surroundings |
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Repeatable goal-directed behaviors and behavioral patterns that you routinely practice in your interpersonal encounters and relationships |
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Conveying what you think and feel so that others know exactly what you think and feel |
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Emphasize the achievement of instrumental goals in a situation; thus, they focus narrowly on effectiveness |
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Signal and attempt to answer the question "How can I best talk about the situation so that the problems we're facing are solved?" |
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The fact that other peoples' behaviors have multiple and complicated causes |
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Communication apprehension |
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Fear or anxiety associated with real or anticipated communication with another person or persons |
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When a person dismisses suggestions for improvement and constructive criticism, refuses to consider other views, and continues to believe that his or her behaviors are acceptable |
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When the speaker suggests that he or she possesses special knowledge, ability, or status far beyond that of the other individual
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When a person implies that the suggestion or criticism being offered is irrelevant, uninteresting, or unimportant |
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When a person seeks to squelch criticism by controlling the other individual of the ecounter |
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The tendency to attack others' self-concepts rather than their positions on topics of conversation |
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In which you ignore or communicate ambiguously about the situation |
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When one person abandons his or her own goals and acquiesces to the desires of the other person |
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Aggressively challenging each other and expressing little concern for the other's perspective or goals |
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Treating conflict as a mutual problem-solving challenge rather than something that must be avoided, accommodated, or competed over |
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In which a person avoids a serious source of conflict by joking about it or changing the topic |
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Communicating in a negative fashion and then abandoning the encounter by physically leaving the scene or refusing to interact further |
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A feeling of affection and respect that we typically have for our friends |
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A vastly deeper and more intense emotional commitment and consists of three components: intimacy, caring, and attachment |
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A state of intense emotional and physical longing for union with another |
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Friendly lovers. Love should be stable, predictable, and rooted in friendship |
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Forgiving lovers. Love should be patient, selfless, giving, and unconditional. |
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Obsessive lovers. Love should be intense, tumultuous, extreme, and all-consuming |
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Practical lovers. Love should be logical, rational, and founded in common sense |
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Game-playing lovers. Love should be uncommitted, fun, and played like a game |
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Romantic lovers. Love should be sentimental, romantic, idealistic, and committed |
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A chosen interpersonal involvement forged through communication in which participants perceive the bond as romantic |
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In general, you'll feel more attracted to those with whom you interact with frequently |
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Viewing beautiful people as competent communicators, intelligent, and well-adjusted |
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Tending to form long-term romantic relationships with people we judge as similar to ourselves in physical attractiveness |
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Birds-of-a-feather effect |
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We are attracted to those we perceive as similar to ourselves |
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Proposes that you'll feel drawn to those you see as offering substantial benefits with few associated costs |
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The balance of benefits and costs exchanged by you and the other person |
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Refers to romantic partners' efforts to keep their relationships in a desired state or condition |
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Friendships that focus primarily on sharing time and activities together |
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Friendships in which the parties focus primarily on helping each other achieve practical goals |
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The participants engage in sexual activity but not with the purpose of transforming the relationship into a romantic attachment |
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Each workplace possesses a distinctive set of beliefs and practices |
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Systems of communicating linkages in the workplace |
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Groups of coworkers linked solely through e-mai, social-networking sites, and other Internet destinations |
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Dense networks of coworkers who share the same workplace values and broader life attitudes |
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Overarching emotional quality of a workplace |
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People holding positions of organizational status and power similar to our own. |
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