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Internet Vocabulary
ITGS
35
Computer Networking
12th Grade
03/12/2012

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Cards

Term
Protocol
Definition
A set of rules for the exchange of data between a terminal and a computer or in between two computers.
Term
HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol)
Definition
The Internet protocol used to transfer Web pages.
Term
FTP (File Transfer Protocol)
Definition
A communications protocol that enables users to download files from remote servers to their computers and to upload files they want to share from their computers to these archives.
Term
TCP/IP (Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol)
Definition
Protocols developed as an experiment in internetworking, now the language of the Internet, allowing cross0network communication for almost every type of computer and network.
Term
Packet-Switching
Definition
The standard technique used to send information over the Internet. A message is broken into packets that travel independently from network to network toward their common destination, where they are reunited
Term
IP Address
Definition
A unique string of four numbers separated by periods that serves as a unique address for a computer on the Internet. The IP address of the host computer and sending computer is included with every packet of information that traverses the Internet.
Term
URL (Uniform Resource Locator)
Definition
The address of a website
Term
Domain
Definition
A class of Internet addresses indicated by a suffix such as .com, .gov, or .net
Term
DNS (Domain Name System)
Definition
A system that translates a computer’s numerical IP address into an easier-to-remember string of names separated by dots.
10. Hyperlink: A word, phrase, or picture that acts like a button, enabling the user to explore the Web or a multimedia document with mouse clicks.
Term
WWW (World Wide Web)
Definition
Part of the Internet, a collection of multimedia documents created by organizations and users worldwide. Documents are linked in a hypertext Web that allows users to explore them with simple mouse clicks.
Term
Hyperlink
Definition
A word, phrase, or picture that acts like a button, enabling the user to explore the Web or a multimedia document with mouse clicks.
Term
Arpanet
Definition
Network created in 1969 from a government grant during the cold war that is the foundation of today’s Internet.
Term
Browser
Definition
A special type of communications software designed to access and display information at Internet websites.
Term
Search Engine
Definition
A program for locating information on the Web.
Term
Web Crawlers
Definition
: Software robots that systematically explore the Web, retrieve information about pages, and index the retrieved information in a database.
Term
Cookies
Definition
Small files deposited on a user’s hard disk by Web sites, enabling sites to remember what they know about their visitors between sessions.
Term
Cache
Definition
A function of the proxy server that stores retrieved Web pages so that the page can be quickly retrieved by the same or different user the next time that page is requested.
Term
HTML (Hyperlink Markup Language)
Definition
A text file that includes codes that describe the format, layout, and logical structure of the hypermedia document. Most Web pages are created with this
Term
Script
Definition
Short programs that add interactivity, animation, and other dynamic features of a Web page or multimedia document.
Term
Plug-in
Definition
A software extension that adds new features.
Term
ISP (Internet Service Provider)
Definition
A business that provides its customers with connections to the Internet along with other services.
Term
Push Technology
Definition
Technology in which information is delivered automatically to a client computer. The user subscribes to a service and the server delivers that information periodically and unobtrusively.
Term
Pull Technology
Definition
Technology in which browsers on client computers pull information from server machines. The browser needs to initiate a request before any information is delivered.
Term
Email
Definition
Allows Internet users to send mail messages, data files, and software programs to other Internet users and to users of most commercial networks and online services.
Term
Mailing List
Definition
Email discussion groups on special-interest topics. All subscribers receive messages sent to the group’s mailing address.
Term
Newsgroup
Definition
Ongoing public discussions on a particular subject consisting of notes written to a central Internet site and redistributed through a worldwide newsgroup called Usenet. You can check into and out of them whenever you want; all messages are posted on virtual bulletin boards for anyone to read anytime.
Term
Blog
Definition
Short for Web log, a personal Web page that often carries diary-like entries or political commentaries. Blogs are fast proliferating as new software allows users to create Web pages without having to learn the technical details of HTML and Web authoring
Term
Wiki
Definition
A Web site that lets anyone with access to a Web browser to modify its pages.
Term
Mashup
Definition
To mix either by programmers or hackers at least two different services from disparate even competing websites
Term
Netiquette
Definition

  Rules of etiquette that apply to Internet communication.

Term
Adantage of WWW (Tim Burners-Lee)
Definition
  • Designed URL scheme
  • Developed HTML
  • Created Http
  • built the first browser
Term
Issues with Email
Definition
  • Most viruses are spread through email
  • Spam/junk emails waste time to delete
  • Messages are not private
  • Email filters out human components of communication (eye contact, etc)
Term
Reliability of a Source
Definition
  • Who is the author
  • what can you find about the author
  • company/organization of author
  • reasons for bias
  • when was it published
  • links to other sites
  • contact info
Term
Rules of Netiquette
Definition
  • say what you mean and say it with care
  • keep it short
  • don't assume you're anonymous
  • learn the non verbal language of the net
  • keep your cool
  • don't be a source of spam
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