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A homogeneous part of the system in contact with other parts of the system but seperated from them by a well defined boundary. Ex: A glass with both water and ice (solid and liquid phase) |
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| The attractive forces between the molecules |
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| Holds atom together in a molecule |
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| Attractive Forces between polar molecules |
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| Attractive Forces between an ion and a polar molecule |
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| Attractive forces that arise as a result of temporary dipoles induced in atoms or molecules |
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The ease with which the electron distribution in the atom or molecule can be distorted Increases with greater # of electrons and more diffuse in the electron cloud |
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| A special dipole-dipole interaction between the hydrogen atom in a polar N-H, O-H, or F-H bond and an electronegative O, N, or F atom |
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| The amount of energy required to stretch or increase the surface of a liquid by a unit area |
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| Intermolecular attraction between like molecules |
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| Attraction between unlike molecules |
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| The measure of a fluid's resistance to flow |
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Possesses rigid and long-range order Occupy specific (predictable) positions |
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| do not possess a well-defined arrangement or a long-range molecular order |
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| Basic, repeating stuctural unit of a crystalline solid |
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| Three types of Cubic Cells |
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Simple Cubic Body-Centered Cubic Face-Centered Cubic |
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| An optically transparent fusion product of inorganic materials that has cooled to a rigid state without crystallizing |
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| Equilibrium Vapor Pressure |
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| The vapor pressure measured when a dynamic equilibrium exists between condensation and evaporation |
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| Molar Heat of Vaporization |
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Definition
| The energy required to vaporize 1 mole of a liquid at its boiling point |
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| The temperature at which the (equilibrium) vapor pressure of a liquid is equal to the external pressure |
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| The temperature at which a liquid boils when the external pressure is 1 atmosphere (atm) |
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| The temperature above which the gas cannot be made to liquefy, no matter how great the applied pressure |
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| The minimum pressure that must be applied to bring about liquefaction at a critical temperature |
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| Melting Point or Freezing Point of a Liquid |
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| The temperature at which the solid and the liquid phaes coexist in equilibrium |
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| The energy required to melt 1 mole of a solid substance at its freezing point |
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| Molar Heat of Sublimation |
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| The energy required to sublime 1 mole of a solid |
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| summarizes the conditions at which a substance exists as a solid, liquid or gas |
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