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Definition
Simplified, widely shared belief about the characteristics of a group and its members.
*People use stereotypes less if they are outcome dependent on the person. |
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Definition
| Negative affective reaction to a group or person |
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Term
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Definition
| Treating a person differently because of their group membership. |
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Term
| Illusory Correlation Bias |
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Definition
| Tendency to believe minorty group is more likely to engage in an undesirable behaviour even though minority and majority equally prone. |
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Term
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Definition
Categorisation can distort perceptions of groups.
Differences between groups more salient than differences within groups |
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Term
| Outgroup homogenity effect |
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Definition
| Tendency to see people of the same group as more similar than they actually are |
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Term
| Motivations of prejudice and stereotypes |
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Definition
-Dogmatism: tendency to tolerate inconsistent beliefs by isolating them.
-Need for personal structure.
-Need for cognitive closure |
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Term
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Definition
Marxism: class conflict stems from ruling class exploiting working class.
Authoritarianism (right wing): submission, range of prejudices
Social Dominance Orientation: favour status hierarchies, non-egalitarian attitudes. |
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Term
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Definition
Competition for ingroup's superiority.
Realistic Group Conflict Theory (Sheriff): struggle for material welfare. |
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Term
| Social Identity Theory (Tajfel |
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Definition
| seeing ingroup positively compared to others |
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Term
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Definition
| Minimal conditions needed for discrimination |
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Term
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Definition
Women discriminated but usually liked more: discrimination and prejudice not always linked.
HOSTILE SEXISM: women pose a threat to men's position.
BENEVOLENT SEXISM: women necessary for men
OBJECTIFICATION THEORY: when women are viewed as if their bodies represent who they are- women internalise stereotype- self-objectification. |
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Term
INTERGROUP BIAS
Race and Ethnicity |
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Definition
Dehumanisation- when people who are different seem less than human.
Leads to legitimisation of actions against outgroup. *Differences genetically-based.
CREDENTIALLING (racism): people show more prejudice after having shown they're not.
MODERN RACISM: subtle |
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Term
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Definition
| Tendency to think that people's behaviour must be due to associated bias- as opposed to behaviour being a product of the situation. |
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Term
| INTERGROUP EMOTION THEORY |
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Definition
Nature of emotion depends on relative POWER and STATUS of the groups.
power-anger-aggression
Powerless-fear-avoidance
Intergroup anxiety model: people expect negative outcomes from interacting with outgroup. |
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