Term
Waterproof
b. Stretchable (2.2 m2) (~11 lbs)
c. Washable
d. Auto-repairing (Cuts, tears, & burns)
e. Lasts a lifetime |
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Definition
Skin
Skin is like the ideal coat |
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Term
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Definition
| Keratinized protein secreted by cells |
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Term
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Definition
| (Hard keratinized protein |
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Term
Prevents dehydration
Prevents bacterial & viral infection (chemical & physical barrier)
Most substances cannot penetrate
Regulates body temperature
Vitamin D synthesis (Needed to absorb calcium in the digestive tract)
Blood reservoir (Blood can be shunted to other organs in need e.g. skeletal muscles)
Excretion – Water, salt, ammonia, urea, and uric acid are excreted in sweat |
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Definition
| Functions of Integumentary system |
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Term
a. Vitamins A,D,E,K
b. Oxygen & Carbon dioxide (in limited amounts)
c. Organic solvents (paint thinner, acetone) which dissolve cell lipids
d. Oleoresins of certain plants (e.g. Poison Ivy, Oak, Sumac, etc…)
e. Salts of heavy metals (e.g. Lead, Mercury, Arsenic, etc…) |
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Definition
| substances that can penetrate skin |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Stratified squamous epithelium (replenished ____ days) |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| stratum corneum (horny layer) |
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Definition
Top layer and fully keratinized
b. 20-30 cell layers thick
c. Protect skin from abrasion and penetration
d. Glycolipids provide waterproofing
e. 40 lbs shed in a lifetime
f. Too far from blood vessels for diffusion so cells die |
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Term
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Definition
| provides waterproofing for stratum corneum |
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Term
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Definition
| __lbs shed in a lifetime of stratum corneum |
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Term
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Definition
| ____ produce keratin and squamous cells flatten as they are pushed upward (stratum granulosum) |
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Term
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Definition
| stratum granulosum is ___ layers thick |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| ______ shrink but desmosomes hold in place (stratum granulosum) |
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Term
| Melanin granules (UV protection) and Langerhan’s (macrophage |
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Definition
| cells abundant in stratum granulosum |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Deepest layer of the epidermis |
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Term
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Definition
| stratum basale is __ layers thick |
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Term
| Contain melanocytes and Merkel cells (Fine touch receptors) |
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Definition
| cells present in stratum basale |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Found only in thick skin between the Stratum granulosum and Stratum corneum |
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Term
Palms of hands
2. Fingertips
3. Soles of feet |
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Definition
| where to find stratum lucidum |
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Term
| collagen, elastin, and reticular fibers |
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Definition
| connective tissues found in the dermis layer |
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Term
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Definition
| from upper dermis form ridges in the epidermis for grip |
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Term
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Definition
| of lower dermis 80% of thickness made up of dense irregular connective tissue |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
THE ONLY PIGMENT
PRODUCED IN THE SKIN – varies in color from yellow to brown to black |
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Term
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Definition
| Yellow/orange pigment found in plants which accumulates in the thick epidermis…this is why the soles of your feet appear orange |
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Term
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Definition
| bluish hue to the skin due to heart failure or respiratory distress |
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Term
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Definition
| reddish hue to the skin due to blushing, fever, hypertension, polycythemia |
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Term
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Definition
| – pale skin hue due to emotional stress (fear, anger), anemia, or hypotension |
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Term
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Definition
| yellow hue to the skin due to liver disorder |
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Term
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Definition
| of the skin due to Addison’s disease (adrenal cortex of the kidney hypofunctions) |
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Term
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Definition
| cause of bronzing of skin |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Most abundant sweat gland covers most of the body |
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Term
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Definition
| sweat is secreted by _______ into pores which empty onto the skin |
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Term
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Definition
| ________ begins on forehead and spreads to other parts of the body |
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Term
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Definition
| ______ due to fright or nervousness begins on palms, soles, and axillae (armpits) and spreads to other parts of the body |
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Term
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Definition
| Located in the axillary and anogenital areas |
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Term
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Definition
Secreted into hair follicles beginning at puberty
b. Contains true sweat, lipids, and proteins and appears
viscous with a white/yellow hue |
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Term
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Definition
odorless upon secretion, but bacteria decompose molecules forming body odor
d. Increase of secretions during pain, stress, or sex but physiological function is unknown (believed to be sexual scent glands as menstruation affects output |
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Term
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Definition
| are modified apocrine glands found in the external ear canal which secrete cerumen or ear wax which deters insects and blocks entry of foreign material |
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Term
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Definition
| are modified apocrine glands which secrete milk |
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Term
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Definition
| Located all over body except palms and soles |
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Term
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Definition
| sebaxeous glands create____which lubricates and softens hair and skin, prevents water loss, and has bactericidal properties |
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Term
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Definition
| occurs when duct is blocked by accumulated sebum & staphylococcus infection begins |
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Term
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Definition
| when whitehead oxidizes & dries out |
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Term
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Definition
| main function is to detect insects before they bite or sting |
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Term
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Definition
| hair on ____ prevents heat loss, UV protection, and protects against trauma |
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Term
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Definition
| ____ shield eyes from foreign particles |
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Term
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Definition
| ____ hair filters air entering respiratory passages |
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Term
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Definition
shaft shape
flat=____
Oval=_____
round=_____ |
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Term
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Definition
| Hair growth controlled by _____ in males |
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Term
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Definition
| _____ due to ovarian or adrenal tumor for female |
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Term
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Definition
| Average hair growth is ___ per week |
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Term
| Hair thinning or baldness (alopecia) |
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Definition
| ________ due to new growth hairs being outnumbered by hairs falling out (~100 per day) |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| muscles attach to hair and epidermis (stratum basale) and cause Goosebumps upon contraction |
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Term
Meissner’s corpuscles
Merkel’s disks
Pacinian corpuscles
Ruffini’s corpuscles
Bare nerve endings |
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Definition
light touch
light touch
deep pressure
deep pressure and stretch
pain, heat, cold |
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Term
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Definition
most common & least malignant
1. Shiny lesions in the stratum basale which grow into the dermis
2. 99% cure rate after surgery |
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Term
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Definition
1. Cells of the stratum spinosum form a lesion which appears small red and round
2. Lesion usually forms on scalp, ears, lips, or hands
3. Grows rapidly and can metastasize if not removed
4. If caught early & removed chance of cure is good |
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Term
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Definition
. Cancer of the melanocytes
2. Most dangerous of the skin cancers
3. Appears as a brown or black spreading patch
4. Metastasizes rapidly to lymph and blood
5. ABCDE rule to detect |
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Term
asymmetry
border irregularity
color
diameter
elevation |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
only epidermal damage e.g. sunburn
Heal in 2-3 days |
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Term
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Definition
– epidermis & upper dermis damaged
Blisters form (Fluid collects between dermis & epidermis) |
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Term
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Definition
| a level of burn where epidermis & all of dermis is damaged |
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Term
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Definition
| (Bruises) blood leaks out of capillaries due to trauma and clots under the skin |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
99% water
chloride, vitamin C, urea, uric acid, ammonia, and lactic acid |
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Definition
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Term
| scalp, ears, lips, or hands |
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Definition
| Lesions of basal cell melanoma usually forms on ______ (4) |
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