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| cutane/o; derm/a; derm/o;dermat/o |
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| Protection, regulation, sensation, and secretion |
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Outer protective covering of the body that can be divided into five strata (in order as the layers evolve and mature)
[image] |
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Stratum germinativum
also known as
Stratum basale |
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Definition
Innermost epidermal layer responsible for regeneration of the epidermis. Damage to this layer, as in severe burns, necessitates the use of skin grafts (SG). Melanin, the pigment that gives color to the skin, is formed in this layer (remember that melan/o means black). The more abundant the melanin, the darker the color of the skin.
[image]
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Means "spiny layer." Each time a stem cell divides, one of the daughter cells is pushed into this layer. Contains Langerhans cells, which are responsible for stimulating a defense against invading microorganisms and superficial skin cancers.
[image] |
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Large amounts of kertain, a protein substance, is made. In humans, kertain is the basic structural component of hair and nails.
[image]
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Present in thick skin of the palms and soles. Cells are flattened, densely packed, and filled with keratin.
[image]
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Outermost, horny layer, consisting of dead cells. Cells active in the keratinization process, during which the cells lose their nuclei and become hard or horny. Forms protective covering for the body.
[image] |
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Nourishes the epidermis, provides strength, and supports blood vessels.
[image]
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produce ridges that are one's fingerprints
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Supports, nourishes, insulates, and cusions the skin
[image] |
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| provides sensation and some protection for the head. Hair around the eyes, in the nose, and in the ears filters out foreign particles. |
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| Protects ends of fingers and toes |
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| (Oil Glands); produce lubrication for the hair and skin |
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Definition
| (Sweat glands); secretes sweat or perspiration, which helps to cool the body by evaporation. Sweat also rids the body of waste. |
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Definition
Inflammatory condition of the sebaceous glands and the hair follicles; pimples
[image] |
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Definition
A rare type of acne in teenage boys, marked by inflamed, tender, ulcerative, and crusting lesions of the upper trunk and face. It has sudden onset and is characterized by fever, leukocytosis (elevated white blood cells), and an elevated sedimentation rate. About 50% of the cases have inflammation of several joints.
[image] |
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Term
Acrochordon
acr/o
chord
-on |
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Definition
acr/o: extremity
chord: cord
-on: pertaining to
Small outgrowth of epidermal and dermal tissue; skin tags |
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Term
Actinic dermatitis
actin
-ic
dermat
-itis |
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Definition
actin: ray
-ic: pertaining to
dermat: skin
-itis: inflammation
Inflammation of the skin caused by exposure to radiant energy, such as x-rays, ultraviolet light, and sunlight
[image] |
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Definition
albin: white
-ism: condition
Genetic cndition in which there is partial or total absence of pigment in skin, hair, and eyes. |
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Definition
a-: without, lack of
lopec: fox mange
-ia: condition
Absence or loss of hair, especially of the head; baldness; {insert term here} areata is loss of hair in defined patches, usually involving the scalp. Male pattern {insert term here} begins in the frontal area and proceeds until only a horseshoe area of the hair remains in the back and temples.
[image] |
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Term
Anhidrosis
an-
hidr
-osis |
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Definition
an-: without, lack of
hidr: sweat
-osis: condition
Abnormal condition in which there is a lack of or complete absence of sweating. May be congenital or disease related, generalized or localized, temporary or permanent. |
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Definition
auto-: self
-graft: pencil, grafting knife
Graft taken from one part of the patient's body and transferred to another part of that same patient |
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Definition
a-: away from
vuls: to pull
-ion: process
Process of forcibly tearing off a part or structure of the body, such as a finger or toe |
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Term
Basal Cell Carinoma
(BCC)
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Definition
| Epithelial malignant tumor of the skin that rarely metastiasizes. It usually begins as a small, shiny papule and enlarges to form a whitish border around a central depression. These increase with aging and exposure to sun. Appear frequently on the nose, eyelid or cheek; {insert term here} account for 80% of the skin cancer seen in the older adult. Slow growing but should be surgically removed. |
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Definition
Injury in which a part of the skin is torn by an insect, animal, or human, resulting in a combination of an abrasion, puncture, or laceration.
[image] |
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Definition
| Acute, infected, painful nodule formed in the subcutaneous layers of the skin, gland, or other hair follicle; most often caused by the invasion of staphylococci; furuncle |
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Definition
larger blister; a bleb
[image] |
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Definition
Injury to tissue caused by heat, fire, checmical agents, electricity, lightning, or radiation; classified according to the degree or depth of skin damage. The three classification are first degree, second degree, and third degree.
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Definition
Superficial partial thickness: damages only outer layer of skin; burn is painful and red; heals in a few days (e.g. suburn)
[image] |
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Definition
Partial thickness; involves epidermis and upper layers of dermis; may have sparing of sweat glands and sebaceous glands; heals in 10-14 days
[image] |
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Full Thickness; involves all of the epidermis and dermis; may also involve underlying tissue; nerve ending usually destroyed; requires skin grafting
[image] |
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Definition
Infection of the skin or mucous membranes with any species of Candida but chiefly Candida albincans. Candida is a genus of yeasts and was formerly called Monilia.
[image] |
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Definition
Infection of the subcutaneous tissue, usually composed of a cluster of boils.
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Definition
caus: heat
-algia: pain
Intense burning pain associated with trophic skin changes in the hand or foot after trauma to the part. |
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Definition
cellul: little cell
-itis: inflammation
An acute diffuse inflammation of the skin and subcutaneous tissue characterized by local heat, redness, pain, and swelling
[image] |
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| Scar left after the healing of a wound. |
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| Condition of horny induration and thickening of the skin that may be soft or hard depending on location. Caused by pressure, friction, or both from ill-fitting shoes. |
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Definition
| Technique of using subfreezing temperature (usually with liquid nitrogen) to produce well-demarcated areas of cell injury and destruction |
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Definition
cutane: skin
-ous: pertaining to
Pertaining to the skin |
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Definition
| Closed sac that contains fluid, semifluid, or solid material |
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Definition
| Removal of foreign material or damaged or dead tissue, especially in a wound. It is used to promote healing and to prevent infection. |
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Term
Decubitus (decub) ulcer
de-
cubit
-us |
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Definition
de-: down
cubit: to lie
-us: pertaining to
An area of skin and tissue that becomes injured or broken down. Also known as a bedsore or pressure ulcer. The literal meaning of the word decubitus is a lying down.
[image] |
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Definition
Surgical complication where there is separation or bursting open of a surgical wound
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Definition
| Surgical procedure to remove acne scars, nevi, tattoos, or fine wrinkles on the skin by using sandpaper, wire brushes, or other abrasive materials on an anesthetized epidermis. |
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Definition
dermat: skin
-itis: inflammation
Inflammation of the skin (can be caused by numerous things, but also by some plants, like poison ivy)
[image] |
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Term
dermatologist
dermat/o
log
-ist |
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Definition
dermat/o: skin
log: study of
-ist: one who specializes
Physician who specializes in the study of the skin |
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Term
Dermatology (Derm)
dermat/o
-logy |
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Definition
dermat/o: skin
-logy: study of
study of the skin |
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Definition
derm/a: skin
-tome: instrument to cut
Surgical instrument used to cut the skin for grafting |
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Term
dermomycosis
derm/o
myc
-osis |
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Definition
derm/o: skin
myc: fungus
-osis: condition
Skin condition caused by a fungus |
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Term
ecchymosis
ec-
chym
-osis |
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Definition
ec-: out
chym: juice
-osis
Abnormal condition in which the blood seeps into the skin causing discolorations ranging from blue-black to greenish yellow
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Term
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Definition
| an acute or chronic inflammatory skin disorder characterized by erythema, papules, vesicles, pustules, scales, crusts, or scabs alone or in combination. The most promising treatment involves nonsteroidal skin medications classified as topical immunomodulators (TIMS) or topical calcineruin (a protein phosphatase) inhibitor |
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Term
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Definition
Redness of the skin; may be caused by capillary congestion, inflammation, heat, sunlight, or cold termperature. Erythema infectiosum is known as Fifth disease, a mild, moderately contagious disease caused by the human parovirus B-19. It is most commonly seen in school-age children and is thought to be spread via respiratory secretions from infected persons.
[image] |
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Term
erythroderma
erythr/o
-derma |
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Definition
erythr/o: red
-derma: skin
Abnormalredness of the skin occurring over widespread areas of the body |
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Definition
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Term
excoriation
ex-
coriat
-ion |
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Definition
ex-: out
coriat: corium
-ion: process
Abrasion of the epidermis by scratching, trauma, chemicals, or burns |
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Definition
| Production of pus or serum |
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Term
folliculitis
follicul
-itis |
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Definition
follicul: little bag
-itis: inflammation
Inflammation of a follicle or follicles
[image] |
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Term
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Definition
| literally means an eating sore. It is a necrosis, or death, of tissue or bone that usually results from a deficient or absent blood supply to the area. |
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Definition
An inflammatory skin disease caused by a herpes virus (type I); cold sore or fever blister
[image] |
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Term
hidradenitis
hidr
aden
-itis |
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Definition
hidr: sweat
aden: gland
-itis: inflammation
Inflammation of the sweat glands
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Term
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Definition
eruption of itching and burning swellings on the skin; urticaria
[image] |
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Term
hyperhidrosis
hyper-
hidr
-osis |
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Definition
hyper-: excessive
hidr: sweat
-osis: condition
Abnormal condition of excessive sweating |
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Term
hypodermic
hypo-
derm
-ic |
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Definition
hypo- : under
derm: skin
-ic: pertaining to
Pertaining to under the skin or inserted under the skin, as a hypodermic injection |
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Definition
icter: jaundice
-ic: pertaining to
Pertaining to jaundice |
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Term
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Definition
Skin infection marked by vesicles or bullae; usually caused by streptococci (strep) or staphylococci (staph)
[image] |
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Term
integumentary
integument
-ary |
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Definition
integument: a covering
-ary: petaining to
Covering; the skin, consisting of the dermis and the epidermis |
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Term
Intradermal (ID)
intra-
derm
-al |
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Definition
intra- :within
derm: skin
-al: pertaining to
pertaining to within the skin, as an intradermal injection |
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Term
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Definition
Jaund: yellow
-ic(e): pertaining to
Yellow; a symptom of a disease in which there is excessive bile in the blood; the skin, whites of the eyes, and mucous membranes are yellow; icterus
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Term
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Definition
kel: tumor
-oid: resemble
Overgrowth of scar tissue caused by excessive collagen formation
[image] |
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Term
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Definition
| A flat, brownish spot on the skin sometimes caused by exposure to the sun and weather; freckle |
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Term
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Definition
leuk/o: white
-derma: skin
Localized loss of pigmentation of the skin |
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Term
leukoplakia
leuk/o
plak
-ia |
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Definition
leuk/o: white
plak: plate
-ia: condition
White spots or patches formed on the mucous membrane of the tongue or cheek; the spots are smooth, hard, and irregular in shape and can become malignant |
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Term
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Definition
| Originally used to describe a destructive type of skin lesion; current usage of the word is usually in combination with the words vulgaris or erythematosus, (e.g., lupus vulgaris or lupus erythematosus) |
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Term
melanocarcinoma
melan/o
carcin
-oma |
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Definition
melan/o: black
carcin: cancer
-oma: tumor
Cancerous tumor that has black pigmentation |
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Term
|
Definition
melan: black
-oma: tumor
Cancer that develops in the pigment of cells of the skin; malignate black mole or tumor. Often the first sign of melanoma is change in the size, shape, or color of a mole. The ABCD's of melanoma describe the changes that can occur in a mole using the letters
A-Assymetry
B-border; the edges are ragged, notched, or blurred.
C- color; is uneven, shades of black, brown, or tan are present. Areas of white red or blue may be seen
D-diameter; there is a change in size
[image] |
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Term
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Definition
miliar: millet (tiny)
-ia: condition
Called prickly heat; commonly seen in newborns and/or infants. It is caused by excessive body warmth. There is a retention of sweat in the sweat glands, which have become blocked or inflamed, and then rupture or leak into the skin. Miliaria appears as a rash with tiny pinhead-sized papules, vesicles, and/or pustules.
[image] |
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Term
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Definition
| pigmented, elevated spot above the surface of the skin; a nevus |
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Term
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Definition
onych: nail
-itis: inflammation
inflammation of the nail |
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Term
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Definition
pachy: thick
-derma: skin
Thick skin |
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Term
paronychia
par-
onych
-ia |
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Definition
par-:around
onych: nail
-ia: condition
Infectious cnodition of the marginal structures around the nail |
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Term
pediculosis
pedicul
-osis |
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Definition
pedicul: a louse
-osis: condition
Condition of infestation with lice
[image] |
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Term
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Definition
| small, pinpoint, purplish hemorrhagic spots on the skin |
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Term
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Definition
prurit: itching
-us: pertaining to
Servere itching |
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Term
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Definition
Chronic skin condition characterized by frequent episodes of redness, itching, and thick, dry scales on the skin
[image] |
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Term
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Definition
purplish discoloration of the skin caused by extravastion of blood into the tissues
[image] |
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Term
rhytidoplasty
rhytid/o
-plasty |
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Definition
rhytid/o: wrinkle
-plasty: surgical repair
Plastic surgery for the removal of wrinkles |
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Term
|
Definition
a chronic disease of the skin of the face marked by varying degrees of papules, pustules, erythema, telangectasia, and hyperplasia of the soft tissues of the nose; usually occurs in the middle-aged and older people
[image] |
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Term
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Definition
any rose-colored rash marked by maculae or red spots on the skin
[image] |
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Term
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Definition
| systemic disease caused by a virus and characterized by a rash and fever; also called German measles and three-day measles |
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Term
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Definition
| contagious disease characterized by fever, inflammation of the mucous membranes, and rose-colored spots on the skin; also called measles |
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Term
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Definition
contagious skin disease characterized by papules, vesicles, pustules, burrows, and intense itching; it is caused by an arachnid, Sarcoptes scabiei, variety hominis, the itch mite, and is also called the itch.
[image] |
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Term
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Definition
| mark left by the healing process of a wound, sore, or injury |
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Term
scleroderma
scler/o
-derma |
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Definition
scler/o: hard, hardening
-derma: skin
Chronic condition with hardening of the skin and other connective tissues of the body |
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Term
|
Definition
seb/o: oil
-rrhea: flow
Excessive flow (secretion) of oil from the sebaceous glands |
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Term
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Definition
| fatty or oily secretion produced by the sebaceous glands |
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Term
senile keratosis
senile
kerat
-osis |
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Definition
senile: old
kerat: horn
-osis: condition
Condition occuring in older people wherein there is dry skin and localized scaling caused by excessive exposure to the sun.
[image] |
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Term
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Definition
| a discolored spot on the skin, a freckle |
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Term
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Definition
| a localized, evanescent elevation of the skin that is often accompanied by itching, urticaria |
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Term
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Definition
| solid, circumscribed, elevated area on the skin; pimple |
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Term
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Definition
| small, elevated circumscribed lesion of the skin that is filled with pus; varicella (chicken pox) |
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Term
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Definition
| an eating or gnawing away of tissue; decubitus ulcer |
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Term
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Definition
| a crack0like sore or slit that extends through the epidermis into the dermis; athlete's foot |
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Term
| squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) |
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Definition
malignant tumor of squamous epithelial tissue
[image] |
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Term
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Definition
streaks or lines on the breasts, thighs, abdomen, or buttocks caused by weakening of elastic tissue. Can be caused by obesity or result of pregnancy
[image] |
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Term
subcutaneous (Sub-Q, sub Q)
sub-
cutane
-ous |
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Definition
sub- : below
cutane: skin
-ous: pertaining to
Pertaining to below the skin, as a subcutaneous injection
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Term
|
Definition
sub-: below
ungu: nail
-al: pertaining to
pertaining to below the nail |
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Term
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Definition
| tight, firm, to pull or draw tight a surface, such as the skin |
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Term
telangiectasia
tel
ang/i
-ectasia |
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Definition
tel: end, distant
ang/i: vessel
-ectasia: dilation
A vascular lesion formed by dilation of a group of small blood vessels that may appear as a birthmark |
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Term
thermanesthesia
therm
an-
-esthesia |
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Definition
therm: hot, heat
an- : without, lack of
-esthesia: sensation
Inability to distinguish between the sensations of heat and cold |
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Term
|
Definition
Contagious skin diseases affecting both humans and domestic animals, caused by certain fungi and marked by the localized apearance of discolored, scaly patches on the skin; also called ringworm
[image] |
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Term
trichomycosis
trich/o
myc
-osis |
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Definition
trich/o: hair
myc: fungus
-osis condition
Fungal condition of the hair |
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Term
|
Definition
open lesion or sore of the epidermis or mucous membrane
[image] |
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Term
|
Definition
contagious viral disease characterized by fever, headache, and a crop of red spots that become macules, papules, vesicles, and crusts; also called chickenpox
[image] |
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Term
|
Definition
| skin condition characterized by milk-white patches surrounded by areas of normal pigmentation |
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Term
|
Definition
a skin lesion with a rough papillomatous surface (of viral origin) on the epidermis; verruca. A plantar wart, known as verruca plantaris occurs on a pressure-bearing area, especially the sole of the foot
[image] |
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Term
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Definition
| Injury to soft tissue caused by trauma; generally classified as open or closed |
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Term
xanthoderma
xanth/o
-derma |
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Definition
xanth/o: yellow
-derma: skin
Yellowness of the skin |
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Term
|
Definition
xanth: yellow
-oma: tumor
Literally means yellow tumor; a soft, rounded plaque or nodule, usually on the eyelids, especially near the inner canthus |
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Term
|
Definition
xer/o: dry
-derma: skin
dry skin |
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Term
|
Definition
xer: dry
-osis: condition
Abnormal dryness of skin, mucous membranes, or the conjunctiva |
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Term
|
Definition
| substances that generally oily in nature. These substances are used for dry skin caused by again, excessive bathing, and psoriasis (e.g. Desitin) |
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Term
|
Definition
| Agents that cause or promote loosening of horny (keratin) layers of the skin. These agents may be used for acne, warts, psoriasis, corns, calluses, and fungal infections (e.g. Duofilm, Keralyt, and Compound W) |
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Term
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Definition
| agents that inhibit the conduction of nerve impulses from sensory nerves and thereby reduce pain and discomfort. These agents may be used topically to reduce discomfort associated with insect bites, burns, and poison ivy (examples solarcaine and xyolocaine) |
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Term
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Definition
| agents that act to prevent the action of histamine. Used to help relieve symptoms, such as itching, in allergic responses and contact dermatitis. |
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Term
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Definition
| agents that prevent or relieve itching |
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Term
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Definition
| agents that destroy or stop the growth of microorganisms. These agents are used to prevent infection associated with minor skin abrasions and to treat superficial skin infections and acne. Several antibiotic agents are combined in a single product to take advantage of the different antimicrobial spectrum of each drug |
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Term
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Definition
| agents that destroy or inhibit the growth of the fungi and yeast. These agents are used to treat fungus and/or yeast infection of the skin, nails, and scalp |
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Term
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Definition
| agents that combat specific viral diseases |
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Term
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Definition
| agents used to relieve the swelling, tenderness, redness, and pain of inflammation. Topically applied corticosteroids are used in the treatment of dermatitis and psoriasis. Oral corticosteroids are used in the treatment of contact dermatitis, such as poison ivy, when the symptoms are severe |
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Term
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Definition
| agents that prevent or inhibit the growth of pathogens. Antiseptics are generally applied to the surface of living tissue to reduce the possibility of infection, sepsis, or putrefaction |
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Term
|
Definition
performed to identify the presence of the Tubercle bacilli. The tine, Heaf, or Mantoux tests are used. The tine and Heaf tests are intradermal tests performed using a sterile, disposable, multiple-puncture lancet. The tubercilin is on metal tines that are pressed into the skin. A hardened raised area at the test site 48-72 hours later indicates the presence of pathogens in the body.
The Mantoux test involves 0.1 mL of purpied protein derivative (PPD) tuberculin is intradermally injected. Test results are read 48-72 hours after administration |
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Term
| scratch (epicutaneous) or prick test |
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Definition
| involves the placement of a suspected allergen in the uppermost layers of the epidermis. One technique used is to place a drop of the allergen on the skin of the forearm or back. Pass a sterile lancet or needle through the drop, and prick the skin no deeper than the uppermost layers of the epidermis. Redness or swelling at the scratch site within 10 minutes indicates allergy to the substance. This indicates that the test result is positive. If no reaction occurs, the test result is negative. |
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Term
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Definition
| performed on sweat to determine the level of chloride concentration on the skin. In cystic fibrosis (CF), which is an inherited disease that affects the pancreas, respiratory system, and sweat glands, there is an increase in skin chloride |
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Term
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Definition
| Microscopic examination of a small piece of tissue that has been surgically scraped from a pustule. The specimen is placed on a slide and stained, and the type of viral infection can be identified. |
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Term
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Definition
| Performed on wound exudate to determine the presence of microorganisms and to identify the specific type. An effective antibiotic can be prescribed for identified microbes. |
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Term
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Definition
| The obtaining of a small piece of living tissue for microscopic examination. May be obtained surgically, through a needle and syringe, hollow punch, brush, or stereotactically. Used to establish a diagnosis, especially to distinguish between benign and malignancy conditions |
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Term
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Definition
| Blood test to determine the rate at which red blood cells settle in a long, narrow tube. The distance the RBC's settle in 1 hour is the rate. Higher or lower rate can indicate certain disease conditions. |
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Term
onychomycosis
onych/o
myc
-osis |
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Definition
onych/o: nail
myc: fungus
-osis: condition
A fungal infection of the nails.
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