Term
| Cell Structure of Epidermis |
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Definition
| stratified, keratinised, squamous epithelium. |
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Term
| Cell Structure of Basement Membrance |
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Definition
| thin, fibrous, non-cellular region used to attach epithelium to endothelium |
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Term
| Cell Structure of Dermis/Corium |
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Definition
| dense, irregular connective tissue |
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Term
| Cell Structure of Subcutis/Hypodermis |
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Definition
| adipose tissue and loose connective tissue. (lies about muscle, gives skin flexibility to move over muscles) |
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Term
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Definition
| Area of hair and glands associated with the skin. |
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Term
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Definition
Simple vs. compound (# of hairs coming out/undercoat)
sebaceous glands
sweat glands (apocrine or ecrine)
Erector pili muscle. |
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Term
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Definition
Protection: barrier from microbes, photoprotection
thermoregulation
sensory precetion
storage
synthesis of VitD3
immuno-surveillance |
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Term
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Definition
| Indicator of systemic conditions (allergy/dermatitis/parasitism) |
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Term
| exogenous factors affecting skin |
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Definition
| nutrition, microbes, chemicals, parasitism, allergies |
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Term
| endogenous factors affecting skin |
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Definition
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Term
| embryologic origin of epidermis |
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Definition
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Term
| embryologic origin of dermis |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
Stratum Corneum
Stratum Granulosum
(Stratum Lucideum)
Stratum Spinosum
Stratum Basale |
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Term
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Definition
| single layer of cells as a base |
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Term
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Definition
| exterior to base, thickness is 3-4 cells in the layer, with spines visible between cells |
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Term
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Definition
| thin layer of amorphous material. found only in thick, hairless skin |
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Term
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Definition
| many compact cells, almost completely keratinised |
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Term
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Definition
| all compact calls, completely keratinised/cornified |
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Term
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Definition
Basal Cell
Melanocyte
Merkle Cell
Langerhans |
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Term
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Definition
| Keratinocyte (responsible for keratinisation) found in stratum Basale |
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Term
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Definition
| Dendritic cell responsible for photo-protection and sensitisation. found in Stratum Basale, with arms in stratum Spinosum |
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Term
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Definition
| responsible for sensation of light touch. found in stratum basale |
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Term
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Definition
| dendritic cells responsible for immuno-surveillance. found between stratum spinosum and granulosum |
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Term
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Definition
| the process of cornifying cells |
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Term
| Stratum Basale role in keratinisation |
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Definition
has stem cells and basal cells
mitotically active and produce tonofilaments KERATIN 5 and 14! |
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Term
| Stratum Spinosum role in keratinisation |
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Definition
KERATIN 1 and 10 production begins and replaces 5 and 14.
Lamellar bodies (filled with lipids) begin to form within cells
Filaggrin forms FROM profilaggrin (kerato-hyalin granules) |
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Term
| Stratum Granulosum role in keratinisation |
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Definition
Filaggrin causes keratins to aggregate.
Nucleus begins to disintegrate.
Lamellar bodies found at outer edges of cell and expel lipids to coat the cell |
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Term
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Definition
cornified envelope forms (loricrin and involucrin)
filarggrin breaks down to amino acids (natural moisturising factors)
Corneodesmosomes (proteins) rivet corneocytes (squames) together for structural integrity |
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Term
Histological Appearance of Thick hairless skin
(ie. digit pad of dog) |
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Definition
epidermis thickened
dermal-epidermal border interdigitated (DERMAL PEGS)
no hair follicles
sweat glands
UNDER MASSONS TRICHROME STAIN |
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Term
| UNDER MASSONS TRICHROME STAIN |
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Definition
dermis
blue: collagen fibers and connective tissue
red: elastin fibers
epidermis
granules in stratum granulosum very obvious
yellow: stratum corneum |
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Term
Histological Appearance of Hairy Skin
(ie. dorsal thorax of dog) |
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Definition
epidermis thin
dermis hair follicles + assoc. sebaceous glands, sweat glands, and potential secondary hair follicles |
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Term
| Structure of Dermis/Coreum |
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Definition
| Dense, irregular connective tissue |
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Term
| Cells found in Dermis/Coreum |
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Definition
fibroblasts (create new fibres)
fibrocytes (maintain fibres)
mast cells
Macrophages
Plasma cells (transient) |
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Term
| Fibres for in Dermis/Coreum |
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Definition
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Term
| Ground substances of Dermis/Coreum |
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Definition
| dense fluid (proteoglycans and glyco proteins) |
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Term
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Definition
epidermis nourished by diffusion of blood from dermis (no real vascular structures)
Superficial plexus
Middle plexus
Deep plexus |
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Term
| Arterio-venous (AV) Anastomosis |
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Definition
shunt in dermal vasculature which allows blood to skip superficial plexus
used for thermoregulation |
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Term
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Definition
| completely covers body except hoof/foot pad, glans penis, mucocutaneous junction, and (in some spp.) teat |
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Term
| Location of hair production |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
mechanical/physical protection
thermo-regulation
sensory perception |
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Term
| Embryonic development of hair follicle |
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Definition
| comes from invagination of primative epidermis. begins with localized thickening of epidermis (ectodermal bud) and grows down into underlying MESENCHYME |
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Term
| Simple Hair Follicle parts |
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Definition
Shaft (cuticle - outer layer, cortex, medulla - inner layer)
Root (internal and external sheath)
Bulb (hair matrix cells) |
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Term
| Hair Bulb and Keratogeneous Zone |
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Definition
Matrix cells mitotically active (depended on Dermal Papilla)
Keratogeneous Zone: hard keratin formed (differentiates into hair and inner root sheath)
Melanocytes pigment hair |
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Term
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Definition
at birth: simple follicle
<6 months: development of secondary follicles (undercoat)
>6 months: compound hair follicle |
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Term
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Definition
limited facial distribution
extremely large
specialised for tactile sense: BLOOD SINUS between INTERNAL and EXTERNAL root sheath amplifies motion of hair
TRABECULAE - connective tissue which compartmentalises sinus (in horse and ruminants0 |
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Term
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Definition
cyclic.
Anagen -> Catagen -> Telogen -> New Anagen and Endogen |
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Term
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Definition
terminal follicle
full grown, normal hair |
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Term
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Definition
regressive follicle
relationship between matrix and papilla braks down |
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Term
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Definition
Quiescent follicle.
papilla extends up to end of base of follicle |
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Term
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Definition
Renewed Follicle.
new hair grows underneath old |
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Term
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Definition
Shedding follicle
old hair expelled from follicle |
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Term
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Definition
produce sebum for waterproofing, suppleness, and to spread sweat.
pale purple staining
HOLOCRINE |
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Term
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Definition
ultra-filtrate of blood plasma
thermoreg, excretion, scent signalling.
simple cuboidal epithelium (1 layer in secretory portion, 2 layers in excretory duct)
APOCRINE and ECCRINE
looks like hula hoops on histo |
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Term
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Definition
| retain structural organisation of epidermal, dermal and subcutis. have equivalent layers. |
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