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Insurance Terms
Basic Insurance Terms
43
Insurance
Undergraduate 1
06/02/2011

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Term
Loss Exposure
Definition
Any situation or circumstance in which a loss is possible, regardless of whether a loss occurs.
Term
Objective Risk
Definition
Relative variation of actual loss from expected loss.
Term
Subjective Risk
Definition
Uncertainty based on a person's mental condition or state of mind.
Term
Chance of Loss
Definition
Probability that an event will occur.
Term
Subjective Probability
Definition
Individual's personal estimate of the chance of loss.
Term
Peril
Definition
Cause of loss.
Term
Hazard
Definition
Condition that creates or increases the frequency or severity of loss.
Term
Physical Hazard
Definition
Physical condition that increases the frequency or severity of loss.
Term
Moral Hazard
Definition
Dishonesty or character defects in an individual that increases the frequency or severity of loss.
Term
Morale (attitudinal) Hazard
Definition
Carelessness or indifference to a loss, which increases the frequency or severity of a loss.
Term
Legal Hazard
Definition
Characteristics of the legal system or regulatory environment that increase the frequency or severity of losses.
Term
Pure Risk.
Definition
Situation in which there are only the possibilities of loss or no loss.
Term
Speculative Risk.
Definition
Situation where either profit or loss is possible.
Term
Diversifiable Risk.
Definition
Risk that only affects individuals or small groups and not the entire economy.
Term
Nondiversifiable Risk.
Definition
Rick that affects the entire economy or large numbers of persons or groups within the economy.
Term
Personal Risk
Definition
Risk that directly affects an individual.
Term
Premature Death
Definition
Death of a family head with unfulfill financial obligations.
Term
Human Life Value
Definition
Present value of the family's share of the deceased breadwinner's future earnings.
Term
Direct Loss
Definition
Financial loss that results from the physical damage, destructions, or theft of the property.
Term
Indirect Loss
Definition
Financial loss that results indirectly from the occurrence of a direct physical damage or theft loss.
Term
Pooling
Definition
Spreading of losses incurred by the few over the entire group.
Term
Fortuitous Loss
Definition
Loss that is unforeseen and unexpected by the insured and occurs as a result of chance.
Term
Risk Transfer
Definition
Pure risk is transferred fromt he insured to the insurer.
Term
Indemnification
Definition
Insured is restored to his or her approximate financial position prior to the loss.
Term
Adverse Selection
Definition
Tendency of people with higher-than-average chance of loss to seek insurance at standard rates.
Term
Underwriting
Definition
Process of selecting and classifying applicants for insurance.
Term
Maximum Possible Loss
Definition
The worst loss that could happen
Term
Maximum Probable Loss
Definition
Worst loss that is likely to happen.
Term
Risk Control
Definition
Techniques that reduce the frequency or severity of losses.
Term
Risk Financing
Definition
Techniquest that provide for the funding of losses.
Term
Avoidance
Definition
A certain loss exposure is never acquired or an existing loss exposure is abandoned.
Term
Loss Prevention
Definition
Measures that reduce the frequency of a particular loss.
Term
Loss Reduction
Definition
Measures that reduce the severity of a loss after it occurs.
Term
Retention
Definition
Firm retains part or all of the losses that can result from a given loss.
Term
Principle of Indemnity
Definition
Insurer agrees to pay no more than the actual amount of the loss. The insured cannot profit from a loss.
Term
Actual Cash Value
Definition
Replacement cost less depreciation.
Term
Valued Policy
Definition
Policy taht pays the face amount of insurance if a total loss occurs.
Term
Replacement Cost Insurance
Definition
No deduction for physical depreciation in determining the amount paid for a loss.
Term
Subrogation
Definition
The insurer is entitled to recover from a negligent thrid party for any payments made to the insured.
Term
Aleatory Contract
Definition
Contract where the values exchanged may not be equal but depend on an uncertain event.
Term
Unilateral Contract
Definition
Contract in which only one party makes a legally enforceable promise.
Term
Conditions
Definition
Provisions inserted in an insurance policy that qualify or place limitations on the insurer's promist to perform.
Term
Contract of Adhesion
Definition
The insured must accept the entire contract with all of its terms and conditions.
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