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Subjective: Chief compaint, requires patient input, case history. Objective: Instrumentation Assessment: Working or final diagnosis Plan: Recommendations and/or care |
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Early Chiropractors describe "hot boxes" describing warmer spots along the spine. Name borrowed from a railroad term. |
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Neurocalometer introduced by B.J. at Lyceum. Developed by Dossa Dixon Evins. Nerve-heat-measure |
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B.J. and Sherman develop pattern system of analysis |
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Gonstead develops the "break system" analysis. |
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Pierce and Stillwagon develp Dermathermograph. Single probe. Forerunner of the DT-25. Also Agema develops first medical infra-red imager |
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Sumio Uematsu, MD "An asymmetry of heat greater than one degree centigrade is indicative of an underlying pathological state" |
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Temperatures measured at corresponding bilateral sites on the body of a healthy human tend to be equal. This is reffered to as . . . |
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What constitutes a positive (significant) observation in human thermographic analysis? |
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Asymetrical heat emission |
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Components of the dual probes |
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Thermocouples(2) Galvinometer(1) Increments(50) |
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Reveal amplitude of findings |
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Time period before post reading in pattern analysis |
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Time until post reading for break analysis |
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post-reading will be the patient's next pre reading |
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In the viable free flowing and dynamic organism surface heat distribution. . . |
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is a constantly changing and dynamic phenomenon. |
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In the subluxated state, the organism will display a . . . |
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static and repeatable pattern of heat distribution. |
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Patterna analysis is used with |
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Palmer Upper cervical technique |
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In pattern analysis the reading is taken between |
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The instrament in pattern analysis will allways be |
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"A living organism is dynamic in response as it adapts to stresses on it's internal and external environments. Health is the ability to adapt." |
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The Dynamism theory deceloped by A.D. Speransky. |
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Thermocouple instruments (i.e. nervoscope) read heat brought to body suurface by .. . |
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Processes of conduction and Convection |
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Infared sensitive instraments (i.e. tytron) read . . . |
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heat radiated off the body in the form of infared radiation. |
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Neurological Control Mechanism |
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Definition
Located on the hypothalamus Action is carried out through the autonomic nervous system through two ganglionic chains of nerve fibers with connection of the spinal cord by gray and white rami communicans between first thoracic and second lumbar vertebrae. |
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Conceptually the oldest system of instramentation |
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A rapid deflection of the needle over the distance of a single spinal segment. A repeatable finding. |
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Low amplitude swings Minor areas of heat differential All the movements of the needle |
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Slow deflection of the needle, Occurs over a multisegmental area. |
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Break will occur slightly inferior to the occiput |
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Break will be found inferior to the spinous process of the involved vertebra. This is the interspinous space immediately below the involved vertebra. |
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The reading will occur at its own spinous level |
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Reading will occur in the interspinous space immediately above the spinous of the involved vertebra. |
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Reading will occur at its own spinous level. |
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Reading will occur @ lower 25% of the spinous of the involved segment. |
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sup. boundary and sacroiliac articulation. |
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In the cervical and lumbar regions of the vertebral column there are large numbers of intersegmental connections between the nerves supplying contiguous spinal segments. The same is not true of the thoracic spine. Skin temperature alterations, therefore, . . . |
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Definition
may be more directly related to the segmental level involved in the thoracic region. |
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The process of rescanning suspected areas of break. |
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Definition
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The single reason for the performance of confirmation |
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to determine if the skin temperature finding is persistent. |
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Proper documentation in break analysis will include: |
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Thermal asymmetry is called a |
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temperature differential. |
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The Delta-T reading is displayed in reference to: |
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A diferential of ____ is an indication of neuropathophysiology. |
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Thermal asymmetries less than .5 degrees C but greater than .2 degrees C. |
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may still be considered significant. |
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Is there a high degree of correlation between the low side of the mastoid fossa reading and the side of atlas laterality? |
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direct (actual) temperatures. |
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1. Complete History 2. Preliminary consultation 3. Accomidation time (20 min) 4. Significant finding must be present in all images. |
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Involves reading the entire pain expressive area |
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Complete study involves 3 images. (IR or LCT) |
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Temperature range on a set of LCT |
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Typically be 20-38 degrees C |
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LCT yields qualitative or quantitative data on a single image? |
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Reveals temperature difference involved in asymmetry in C. |
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Reveals the amount of surface area involved in asymmetry. |
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Photographing image to color photograph, slide, or digital image. |
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Infared Electronic Telethermography (IR) units cost |
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10 color band mode yields |
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Isothermal Yields qualitative data. |
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Isothermal shades of gray are called |
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white is cool (this can be reversed by the opporator) |
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Both IR and LCT are sensitive to |
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IR and LCT significant assyetrical finding |
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1 degree C or more between like points side to side at any location of the surface of the skin |
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Lumbar thermography Heat change at the nerve root |
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Definition
Heat at the sorce and cold in the sensory dermatome distal to the nerve root. |
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Positive for lumbar nerve root irritation |
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Definition
one degree centigrade asymmetry over at least 25% of the dermatomal distribution of the affected dermatomal area. |
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Mean temperatures for detector frames |
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11 different frames: 22,24,26,28,29,30,31,32,33,34,35 |
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Black, very dark brown, brownish-red, orange, yellow, green, blue-green, Indigo |
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75% should be what colors? |
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