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Inhibitors
NA
22
Biochemistry
Graduate
10/18/2012

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Cards

Term
Fluoride
Definition
Inhibits enolase
Stops conversion of 2-phosphoglycerate to PEP.
Term
Arsenate
Definition
1. Incorporates into G-3-P instead of phosphate. Hydrolyzed to 3-BPG and NO substrate level phosphorylation occurs = no net synthesis of ATP.
Term
Arsenite
Definition
1. Inhibits Lipoic Acid Enzymes such as E2 in PDH and AKG-DH
Term
KCN
Definition
Inhibits Complex IV (Cytochrome Oxidase)
Term
Rotenone (2) (2)
Definition
1. Inhibits Complex I (Direct ETC)
2. Decrease O2 use and ATP formation
Insecticides and fish poison
Term
Amytal (2)(1)
Definition
1. Inhibits Complex I
2. Decrease O2 use and ATP formation
3. Barbituates
Term
MPTP (2) (1)
Definition
1. Inhibits Complex I
2. Decrease O2 use and ATP formation
Synthetic Heroin
Term
Malonate (2)
Definition
1. Inhibits Succinate in Complex II
2. Decrease O2 use and ATP formation
Term
Antimycin (2) (1)
Definition
1. Inhibits Complex III
2. Decrease O2 use and ATP formation
Bacterial product
Term
Cyanide (2)(3)
Definition
1. Blocks Complex IV
2. Decrease O2 use and ATP formation
Almond pits and fruit pits
Burning plastics
Gas chamber
Term
Atractyloside (4)
Definition
1. Blocks transport of ADP from cytosol to mito matrix via Adenine Nucleotide Translocase
2. ATP builds up in mito but can't escape, and ADP can't enter.
3. ETC Slows
4. Depend on coupled PMF and ETC
Term
Oligomycin
Definition
1. Blocks ATP Synthase proton channel
2. H+ builds up in IM space
3. Depend on tightly coupled PMF and ETC
Term
Brown Fat
Definition
1. Uncoupler through opening UCP1 channel
2. Makes heat, NOT ATP
Term
Hydrophobic Weak Acids (1)
Definition
Uncoupler through facilitating proton transport across IMM into matrix
Term
Aspirin or Pentachlorophenol (1)
Definition
Uncoupler through facilitating proton transport across IMM into matrix
Term
Dinitrophenol (1)
Definition
Uncoupler through facilitating proton transport across IMM into matrix
Term
Thyroid Hormone (2)
Definition
1. Increases Basal Metabolic rate
2. Decreases efficiency between ETC and ATP formation
Term
Gramicidin
Definition
Bacterial Ionophore
1. Forms transmembrane pore that allows cations but not anions to travel.
Term
Bacterial Ionophore
Definition
1. Promote membrane permeability of K+, H+, and Na+.
2. Messes up ion gradient which forces Na-K-ATPase to waste ATP
Term
Valinomycin
Definition
Bacterial ionophore
1. Forms cage around K+ that allows it to freely travel across membrane
Term
Avidin
Definition
1. Blocks biotin absorption in intestine
2. Inhibits pyruvate carboxylase

1. Egg whites
Term
Sulfa drugs
Definition
Cause RBC lysis through increasing ROS levels
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