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Inhibitors of Protein or RNA synthesis
Antibiotics
10
Science
Graduate
04/08/2012

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Term
Tetracycline
Definition
Acts only on bacteria
Blocks binding of aminoacyl tRNA to A-site of ribosome
Term
Streptomycin
Definition
Acts only on bacteria
Prevents the transition from initiation to chain elongation and also causes miscoding
Term
Chloramphenicol
Definition
Acts only on bacteria
Blocks the peptidyl transferase reaction on ribosomes
Term
Erythromycin
Definition
Acts only on bacteria
Binds in the exit channel of the ribosome and thereby inhibits elongation of the peptide chain
Term
Rifamycin
Definition
Acts only on bacteria
Blocks initiation of RNA chains by binding to RNA polymerase (prevents RNA synthesis)
Term
Puromycin
Definition
Acts on bacteria and eucaryotes
Causes the premature release of nascent polypeptide chains by its addition to the growing chain end
Term
Actinomycin
Definition
Acts on bacteria and Eucaryotes
Binds to DNA and blocks the movement of RNA polymerase (prevents RNA synthesis)
Term
Cycloheximide
Definition
Acts on eucaryotes but not bacteria
Blocks the translocation reaction on ribosomes
Term
Anisomycin
Definition
Acts on eucaryotes but not bacteria
Blocks the peptidyl transferase reaction on ribosomes
Term
Alpha-Amanitin
Definition
Acts on eucaryotes but not bacteria
Blocks mRNA synthesis by binding preferentially to RNA polymerase II
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