Microbe

Germs

Bugs

1. Organization

2. Growth & Reproduction

3. Metabolism

4. Heredity

-How they cause disease

-How we prevent & treat infectious disease

-MBIO (membrane Bound internal Organelles) -Cytoskeleton

-chemical differences in cell wall and cell membrane

Not living

No metabolism

Only reproduces

Neutrophils

Eosinophils

Monocytes/macrophages

Basophils

-2nd line --bloodstream

-3rd line --Spleen & lymphnodes

-Skin

--Waterproof, impermeable, keratin

-Mucous Membranes

-- @ portals of entry

-Digestive Tract

-- Peristalsis system

-Cilia --in upper respiratory system

-Normal Microbiota

-B cells

--Memory cells

--Plasma Cells

-T cells

-- T helper Cells

-- T killer (cytotoxic)

-Antigen Processing Cell (APC)

--Macrophage

-VOIGP

-- (a) virus (is an)

--obligate

--intracellular

--genetic

--Parasite

-- Cell Wall ---Prevents cell from bursting

--Cell Membrane ---Food Transport, energy generation, waste release

--Capsule ---Sticky coating (attachment)

--Cytoplasm ---Liquid Portion of cell

--Ribosomes ---Make Proteins

--Storage Granules ---Food Storage

--nuclear Region ---DNA located

--Flagellum ---Movement & attachment

--Pili ---Attachment

Respiratory Aerosis

Animal/Insect vectors

Diarrhea

Human -> Human

1. Sebacious Secretions (skin oils)

2. Lysozyme (tears and saliva)

3. Sweat (high salt)

4. Stomach acid

5. Urine & Feces

6. Mucous

1. Absorption

2. Penetration

3. Viral DNA incorporated into host's DNA;

-Viral DNA goes dormant, environmental trigger activates viral DNA

4. Biosynthesis

5. Assembly

6. Release

1. Search tissues to discover invading tissues

2. Ingest & eliminate invaders

3. Collect immunogenic information

1. Chemotaxis & adherence of microbe to phagocyte

2. Ingestion of microbe by phagocyte

3. Formation of Phagosome

4. Fusion of phagosome with lysosome to form a phagolysosome

5. Digestion of ingested microbe by enzymes

6. Formation of residual body containing indigestible material

7. Discharge of waste material

Nucleus- contains chromosomes

Mitochondria- Converts food to energy

ER- Ribosomes located Golgi

Apparatus- Where proteins are packaged & processed

Vacuoles- Storage

Cytoskeleton- Gives cell its shape

Nucleic acid- DNA/RNA

Capsid- Surrounds by a coat of protein

Bacteria

Comma Shaped

Flagellum

Aquatic (mostly marine)

often associated w/ other animals

temperature 10-30 degrees C

Salinity- 5->30%

Contaminated water

Cholera

Contaminated food, usually seafood

Shellfish poisoning

-Consumption of contaminated water

-Vibrio in gastrosvacular system

-Encounters stomach acid

--Has capsule that protects from acid

-Uses Flagella to penetrate mucous barrier of intestines

-attaches to villi on intestinal cell

-starts to multiply

-secretes colleragen toxin

-toxin binds to intestinal cell

-stimulates adenyl cyclase enzyme

-intestinal cells secrete water & elctrolytes

--cause diarrhea, 15 ltr/day

-leads to severe dehydration

-rice water stool

--1 million vibrio cells per mL

1. Oral Rehydration Therapy

2. Tetracycline

Explosive Diarrhea

Abdominal Cramps

Nausea

Vomitting

Self Limiting- no real treatment

Cook at 60 degrees C for 15 minutes

1. Primary Septicemeia (infection of blood) -Liver diseased -ingest raw shellfish -gangrene of limbs

2. wound infections -open wound contacts seawater/contaminated seafood

w/o treatment 45-60%

Tetracycline