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| smallest particle of an element |
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| pure substance that can't be broken down into a simpler substance by physical or chemical means. (Ex: gold, oxygen) |
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| two or more elements chemically combined (EX: water, or sugar) |
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| two or more elements or compounds physically mixed together (EX: cookie dough) |
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| description of a substance that we can find without destroying an atom, such as color, density, hardness, or electrical conductivity. |
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| a property that describes how a substance reacts with other substances. Example: flammable, or neutralizes acids |
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a change in phase, or one that does not alter the identity of a substance.
Examples: ice cube melting. concrete getting broken up. salt getting dissoloved in water. |
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a change which causes new substances to form with new physical properties.
Evidence for a chemical change: heat given off; bubbles; color change; or a smell that wasn't there before. |
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| the idea that all matter is in motion. |
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a substance whose molecules are in a crystal structure, and are vibrating.
They have a constant shape and a constant volume.
Example: a mineral such as gold or salt at 25 celsius. |
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a substance whose molecules are moving past each other.
Liquids have a constant volume, but a changeable shape.
Example: water at 25 celsius. |
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a substance where the molecules are moving most rapidly.
They have a changing shape and a changing volume.
Example: oxygen at 25 celsius. |
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solid, liquid, gas.
To change phases, heat must be added, or taken away. |
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| gave us the idea that there are four elements: fire, earth air, and water. |
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| tried unsuccessfully to turn cheap metals into gold. They did help us learn about chemical reactions. |
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| A greek who thought that many of the mysteries of matter would be explained when we could see "atomos", or small particles. |
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| demo showing how water, which is a compound, can be split into two elements, H and O |
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