Term
| two main categories of immune system disease |
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Definition
| deficiency and dysfunction |
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Term
| type I hypersensitivity is mediated by |
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Definition
|
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Term
| type I hypersensitivity involves antibody production against _ antigens. --> i.e., it's called _ |
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Definition
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Term
| IgE in type I hypersensitivity binds receptors on what cells? |
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Definition
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Term
| type II hypersensitivity is mediated by |
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Definition
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Term
| autoimmune hemolytic anemias may be caused by type _ hypersensitivity |
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Definition
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Term
| two possible different mechanisms for cell destruction in type II hypersensitivity |
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Definition
complement (cytotoxic antibody)
lymphocytes (antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity) |
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Term
| type III hypersensitivity is mediated by |
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Definition
| antigen-antibody immune complexes |
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Term
| serum sickness is caused by which type of hypersensitivity? |
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Definition
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Term
| in type III hypersensitivity, immune complexes activate _ |
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Definition
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Term
| in type III hypersensitivity, immune complexes cause problems because they get |
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Definition
| deposited on membrane surfaces |
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Term
| type III hypersensitivity causes the inflammatory injury seen in these 3 diseases |
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Definition
rheumatoid arthritis
systemic lupus erythematosus
postinfectious arthritis |
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Term
| type IV hypersensitivity is aka |
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Definition
| delayed type hypersensitivity |
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Term
| type IV hypersensitivity is mediated by |
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Definition
| macrophage / T-cell antigen interactions |
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Term
| 4 diseases whose symptoms are mostly a result of type IV hypersensitivity |
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Definition
tuberculosis
leprosy
sarcoidosis
dermatitis |
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Term
| drug allergies may be caused by type _ hypersensitivity. i.e., we get drug-induced _ _ |
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Definition
|
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Term
| control of malignant cells is by _ _ |
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Definition
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Term
| acquired immunodeficiency may be caused surprisingly by |
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Definition
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Term
| 6 specific parts found in the innate immune system |
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Definition
skin
phagocytes
stomach pH
skin lipids
lysozyme
complement |
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Term
| the adaptive immune system must be _ to be made active |
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Definition
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Term
| secondary immune response is due to ... |
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Definition
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Term
| T lymphocytes are divided into _ & _ populations |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| a substance capable of generating an immune response |
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Term
| 4 broad important categories of T cells |
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Definition
| helpers delayed type hypersensitivity cytotoxic suppressor T cells |
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Term
helper T cells are mostly _ (receptor)
cytotoxic T cells are mostly _ (receptor) |
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Definition
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Term
| delayed type hypersensitivity T cells are mostly (receptor) _ |
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Definition
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Term
| cytotoxic T cells kill (2) |
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Definition
virus-infected cells
tumor cells |
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Term
| delayed type hypersensitivity T cells do what? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| 5 types of immunoglobulins |
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Definition
|
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Term
| surface immunoglobulins are on what cells? |
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Definition
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Term
| two subtypes of T cell receptors |
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Definition
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Term
| in a given B or T celll, the antigen-specific receptors of all are identical, except... |
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Definition
| IgM and IgD can both be expressed on certain B cells |
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Term
| there are 10^_ - 10^_ different Igs and TCRs |
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Definition
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Term
| the DNA encoding the variable region is subdivided into |
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Definition
|
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Term
| what regions are found in the light chain gene (and some TCR genes)? |
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Definition
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Term
| T and B cell clones that bind an antigen with high affinity undergo _, _, _ into either _ cells or _ _ cells. this process is called _ _ |
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Definition
activation, proliferation, differentiation
plasma
activated T
clonal selection |
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Term
| after B & T cells get activated, some become _ cells and some become _ cells |
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Definition
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Term
| activation of a B or T cell requires two signals |
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Definition
receptor binding the antigen
exposure to cytokines expressed by helper T cells |
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Term
| T or B cell proliferation (after activation) causes a ~ _ fold increase |
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Definition
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Term
| the secondary response is _ _ than the primary response |
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Definition
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Term
| secondary immune responses have (4) features |
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Definition
higher antibody levels
higher proportion of IgG
shorter lag time
higher affinity for antigen |
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Term
| the body deals with self-reactive B and T cells by (5) ways |
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Definition
apoptosis
clonal anergy (permanent inactivation)
inhibition by:
-suppressor T cells
-inhibitory cytokines
-anti-idiotypic antibodies |
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Term
| delayed type hypersensitivity T cells do what? |
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Definition
| activate macrophages to phagocytose |
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