Term
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Definition
| Immunity you are born with |
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Term
| Adaptive Immunity (Specific Immunity) |
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Definition
| Acquired through exposure to pathogens, viruses or parasites |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
Macrophages
Natural killer cells |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
Macrophages
Natural killer cells |
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Term
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Definition
Flushing of urine
Acidity of urine |
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Term
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Definition
| Resident and recirculating macrophages |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
Mucus
Cilia
Alveolar
Macrophages |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
Gastric acid
Bile
Enzymes
Mucus
Normal flora |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
Mechanical barriers
Chemical mediators |
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Term
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Definition
Inflammatory response
Phagocytosis |
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Term
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Definition
| Specific immune responses |
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Term
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Definition
Consume other cells or foreign substances
Engulf pathogens and debris
Consist of neutrophils and monocytes |
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Term
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Definition
| First line defenders of the immune system and move rapidly to site of infection in large numbers |
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Term
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Definition
| Circulate in blood for about 3 days and when they migrate to tissues they become macrophages |
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Term
| Macrophages and monocytes |
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Definition
| Mononuclear phagocyte system |
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Term
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Definition
| Recognize and eliminate cells infected with viruses and abnormal host cells, specifically cancer cells |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
Can kill cells that are abnormal without the need for recognition via adaptive immunity
Bind to target cells through activating receptors and produce several molecules that kill the target |
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Term
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Definition
Molecules that affect other cells
Interleukins and interferons |
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Term
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Definition
Protect against viral infection
Macrophages and other cells produce interferon alpha and interferon beta
Interferon alpha and beta induce production of antiviral proteins
Interferon gamma enhances inflammatory response
Facilitates development of acquired immune response against viral antigens on infected cells |
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Term
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Definition
Third line of defence
Specific and has memory |
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Term
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Definition
Found on all cells in the body with a nucleus
Can inform immune system if they are infected or cancerous |
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Term
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Definition
| Found on cells that aid immune system to recognize what is foreign |
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Term
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Definition
| Substances that determine whether an immune response will be needed |
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Term
| Lymphocytes - B lymphocytes, T lymphocytes, natural killer cells |
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Definition
Specific recognition of antigens
B lymphocytes: mediators of humoral immunity
T lymphocytes: mediators of cell mediated immunity
Natural killer cells: cells of innate immunity |
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Term
| Antigen presenting cells - dendritic cells, macrophages, follicular dendritic cells |
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Definition
Capture of antigens for display to lymphocytes
Dendritic cells - initiation of T cell responses
Macrophages - initiation and effector phase
Follicular dendritic cells - display of antigens to B lymphocytes in humoral immune response |
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Term
| Effector cells - T lymphocytes, macrophages, graulocytes |
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Definition
Elimination of antigens
T lymphocytes - helper T cells and cytotoxic T lymphocytes
Macrophages & monocytes - cells of the mononuclear phagocytic system
Granulocytes - neutrophils, eosinophils |
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Term
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Definition
| Produced from stem cells in the bone marrow |
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Term
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Definition
| Produce antibodies that enter blood and react with antigen |
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Term
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Definition
| Attack the antigen directly |
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Term
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Definition
Circulate through bone marrow where they are exposed to hormones without the presence of antigen
Induce proliferation and differentiation into B cells
Respond only to one specific antigen
Exit bone marrow and move to lymphoid organs to mature
Once exposed to an antigen they differentiate into plasma cells and memory cells |
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Term
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Definition
Fully differentiated B cells
Secrete antibodies which bind to antigens to produce an immune response |
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Term
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Definition
| Long living cells that remain inactive until subsequent exposure to the same antigen |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Directly attack antigen cells |
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Term
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Definition
| Assist the activation of B and T cells |
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Term
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Definition
| Antibodies responsible for protection against bacteria and viruses. Refers to production and secretion of antibodies that circulate in body fluids |
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Term
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Definition
| Subpopulations of T cells that aid in immune response as the response is carried out by cells |
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Term
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Definition
Immunoglobulins (Ig)
Protein compounds found in body fluids that are produced by mature B cells (plasma cells) in response to an antigen |
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Term
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Definition
Most abundant
Found in blood of fetus and newborn |
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Term
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Definition
Found in blood and body fluids
Prevents infectious microorganisms from attaching to epithelial barriers |
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Term
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Definition
Found in blood
First antibody produced during initial primary response to an antigen |
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Term
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Definition
Found in low concentrations in the blood
Functions as an antigen receptor on the surface of early B cells |
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Term
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Definition
Found in low concentrations in the circulation
Specialized functions as mediator of allergic responses and in defense against parasitic infections |
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Term
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Definition
| Inactivation or blocking binding of antigen to receptors |
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Term
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Definition
| Clumping insoluble particles that are in suspension |
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Term
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Definition
| Making a soluble antigen into an insoluble precipitate |
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Term
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Definition
| Induce secondary immune response |
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Term
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Definition
| Secrete cytokines that activate or signal other cells |
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Term
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Definition
| Attack antigens directly and destroy cells with foreign antigens |
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Term
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Definition
| Control both cell mediated and humoral responses |
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Term
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Definition
| Responsible for cell mediated destruction of tumor cells or cells infected with viruses |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Interact with antigen presenting cells through a variety of antigen specific and antigen independent mechanisms |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Active artificial immunity |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Passive artificial immunity |
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Definition
| Injection of gamma globulin |
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