Term
| What is the body's first line of defense |
|
Definition
| External body membranes such as skin and mucosae |
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Term
| What are involved in the body's second line of defense? |
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Definition
| Antimicrobial proteins, phagocytes and other cells |
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Term
| What are the 5 internal defenses associated with the innate defense system |
|
Definition
Phagocytes
NK cells
Inflammation
Antimicrobial proteins
Fever |
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Term
| __________ is resistant to weak acids and bases, bacterial enzymes and toxins |
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Definition
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Term
| Protective chemicals that inhibit or destroy microorganisms |
|
Definition
Skin acidity
Lipids
Dermcidin in sweat
HCL
Protein digesting enzymes of stomach
Lysozyme of saliva and lacrimal fluid
Mucus |
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Term
| Function of Cilia of Upper respiratory tract |
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Definition
| sweep dust and bacteria laden mucus from lower respiratory passages. |
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Term
| 5 cardinal signs of Inflammation |
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Definition
1. Redness
2. Heat
3. Swelling
4. Pain
5. Sometimes loss of function |
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Term
| What are two Antimicrobial Proteins |
|
Definition
| Interferons and complement proteins |
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Term
| What is the abbreviation for interferons? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| What do Interferons and complement proteins do? |
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Definition
Attack Microorganisms directly
Hinder microorganisms ability to reproduce |
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Term
| Where do IFNs (interferons) come from |
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Definition
| viral infected cells secrete them |
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|
Term
Where do IFNs go after being released form a viral infected cell?
What is their function |
|
Definition
Neighboring cells
They cause the neighboring cell to produce antiviral proteins that block viral reproduction |
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Term
|
Definition
| Prevents virus proteins from being assembled |
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Term
| How many complement blood proteins circulate in inactive form? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| What amplifies all aspects of the inflammatory response? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How does complement kill other cell types |
|
Definition
|
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Term
| Which pathway links innate to adaptive immunity? |
|
Definition
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Term
| How does the classical pathway link the innate to the adaptive? |
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Definition
Antibodies form the adaptive bind to invading organism.
C1 from the innate binds to the antigen-antibody complexes and cause the antigen to die |
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Term
| What 3 effects does an activated complement have? |
|
Definition
Enhances Inflammation
Promotes phagocytosis
Causes cell lysis |
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|
Term
What does MAC stand for?
What does MAC do? |
|
Definition
Membrane attack complex
MAC causes cell lysis by inducing a massive influx of water |
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|
Term
| What is the purpose of opsonization? |
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Definition
| it coats pathogen surfaces which enhance phagocytosis |
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Term
| What are the three main things triggered by complement activation |
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Definition
| Inflammation, Cytolysis, and Opsonization |
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|
Term
What does CPR stand for?
What is CPR used to assess? |
|
Definition
C-reactive Protein
acute infection
inflammatory condition |
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Term
| Which compliment protein coats bacteria for opsonization |
|
Definition
|
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Term
| What two cells secrete pyrogens when exposed to foreign substances? |
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Definition
| Leukocytes and Macrophages |
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|
Term
| What is the function of pyrogens? |
|
Definition
| they tell the body temperature to rise |
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|
Term
| What are the positive elements of a fever? |
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Definition
Cause the liver and spleen to o confiscate iron and zinc
Increase metabolic rate
Decrease ability of bacteria/virus to replicate |
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|
Term
| What does asprin inhibit? |
|
Definition
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|
Term
What is pyrogen also known as
What does pyrogen do |
|
Definition
interleukin 1
stimulates the hypothalmic to secrete prostaglandin E |
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