- this process ensures that immature T cells can recognize antigens via TCR-MHC interactions

- this process only includes self-antigen presentation

- weak binding=death

Positive Selection

- process that eliminates self-reactive T cells in the thymus

- strong reaction = death

Negative Selection

- most of the self-antigens presented in the thymus are derived from these

dying thymocytes (apoptosed)

- this transcription factor provides a vital function by turning on genes for samples of tissue-specific antigens for the T cells to be "tested" on

Autoimmune regulator (AIRE)

Movable from periphery to secondary lymphoid organs

- the Dendritic cells capture pathogens by this method before presenting them to CD4 T cells via MHC Class II molecules

receptor-mediated endocytosis

- the name for the process by which Dendritic cells ingest pathogens that are not recognized by receptors

Macropinocytosis

- viral proteins are presented via this Class of MHC

MHC Class I

- these develop on dendritic cells in the lymph nodes are what is used to classify them as "mature" or "activated"

dendrites (interaction sites for T cells)

- site of T cell and dendritic cell interaction

lymph node (paracortex)

- T cells express this surface protein that helps them bind to the chemokine gradient that brings them to the secondary lymphoid organ (homing)

CCR7

- chemokines that bind CCR7 and take part in the chemokine gradient that guides T cell movement

CCL19 & CCL21

- these cell-adhesion molecules are expressed on the T cell surface and allow for binding to the CAMs on the vascular endothelium leading into the secondary lymphoid orgran

selectin and LFA-1

- these surface molecules appear on endothelium and coupled with the cell-adhesion molecules on T cells help facilitate the T cell enter into secondary lymphoid organs (lymph nodes)

CAMs (CD34, GlyCAM-2, ICAM1/ICAM2)

- the term used to describe the T cell movement from the blood to the lymph node via the endothelium (HEVs)

Diapedesis

- the first signal of two required for T cell activation

ligation of TCR with peptide/MHC complex on Dendritic cell

- the second signal required for T cell activation requires these co-stimulatory molecules

B7 molecules

- in addition to production or availability of the co-stimulatory molecules required to activate T cells the T cell-APC interaction requires this binding to stabilize it

LFA-1 (T cell surface) to ICAM (on DC surface)

- the surface molecule on the T cell is required to recognize B7 molecules during the co-stimulatory action of T cell activation

CD28

ITAM (immunoreceptor tyrosine-activation motif)

- the intracellular protein kinase that phosphorylates the ITAM leading to an activation of the proliferation/survival pathway

ZAP-70

- after phosphorylating SLP-76, SLP67, ItK, GADS, and LAT, the proliferation/survival pathway phosphorylates these two molecules that induce subsequent changes (previous knowledge from physio)

PLC (phospholipase C)

GEF

- this cytokine is released by macrophages and assists in activating T cell proliferation

IL-1

- after activation the T cells express a high affinity of this cytokine receptor in addition to secreting this cytokine themselves

IL-2

- T Helper 1 cells secrete these cytokines that activate T cells, NK cells, and macrophages primarily against viruses and bacteria

IL-2, interferon, tumor necrosis factor B

- T Helper 2 cells secrete IL-4, IL-5, Il-10, IL-13 that switch Ig to IgE and induce eosinophil activation which acts primarily in response to these

allergens and parasites

- these two membrane-bound receptors facilitate activation-induced cell death on most activated T cells

Fas & Fas ligand

memory T cells

- CD8+T cells are activated by these two factors, one of which is made by CD4 T cells and internally

B7 (CD80) and IL-2

- the signaling pathways activated by the ITAM pathway that are required for division

NGkB, NFAT, AP-1

- the "weapons of mass destruction" that the CD8+ T cells use to kill the APC

perforin, cytotoxic granules (granzymes), &

Fas receptor/Fas Ligand